A relay is an isolated switch, there is no connection between the switching device and the connection. Relay is often used when controlling high voltage devices so that the intricate low voltage devices will not be damaged. There are many types of relays but the most commonly used ones are electromechanical relays. They are cheap, simple and provi
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de very good isolation between the control circuitry and the connection. The control circuitry is connected to a coil in the relay, and when the relay is energized, it will create a temporary magnetic field that will cause the relay contact to close and complete the circuit on the other side of the relay (usually a high voltage circuit). On the left is a 5V relay and on the right is a 24V relay. What this means is that the relay on the left requires just 5V to energize the relay coil while the one on the right requires 24V. Depending on the application, a 24V relay may be used if lets say a microcontroller wants to detect whether there is a 24V input. The relay requires 3 connections, 5V, Ground and an Output pin from a microcontroller. The two connections on the screw terminal block will be shorted when the relay is turned on. I programmed the Arduino to turn the relay on or off upon receiving an o` input. It will also print out the status of the relay. You can download this code at the end of the article.
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