Calibrate the measurement circuit by forcing a known conductor current and measuring the resulting voltage output. If sensor to conductor displacement changes, recalibrate This sensor circuit can measure DC and AC currents to the bandwidth of the op-amp. Additional bandwidth limitation can be had by placing capacitance across the 475k-ohm feedback resistor.
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Other power supplies can be used with this circuit if the selected op-amp can operate. Note that the 1N4148 diode can be removed if reverse polarity protection is un-needed. Simple circuit for laptop computers, portable devices, etc. for detecting change in location (i. e. rotational movement). The HMC1021S is placed on a horizontal circuit board in a magnetically clean area. 10-bit to higher ADC`s recommended for best resolution. Software should allow for slow drifts in value, but trigger for disturbances if sudden value changes in many ADC counts. Gradiometers are basic magnetic anomaly detectors, commonly used for metal detection. The near sensor is the reference in which the far sensor is used to probe for metals. Differences show up in the meter. This circuit is optimized for voltage operation and using the HMC1052 AMR sensor in the 1. 8 to 3. 6 volt battery supply. To conserve battery life, you can power off the sensor and amplifier supplies (VDDSW) when not measuring the magnetic axes. The set/reset MOSFETs can remain powered and will not draw current unless the gate logic toggles. The op-amp and MOSFET types are not specified to allow sourcing from multiple vendors. MOSFETs should have Rds(on) ratings of 0. 4 ohms or lower per FET. All parts should be chosen for low voltage compatibility. Placement of the HMC1052 must permit a standoff from other SMT parts and ferrous metals for best performance. Compass accuracy is...
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This....
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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