As shown, the circuit can get several constant current output to the load resistor RL. Since the first RL floating, rarely used. The second RL is a virtual ground, do not often
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use. Although RL third floating, but a termination RL positive power supply terminal, more commonly used. The fourth is a positive feedback balanced, due to the load RL ground and loved by the people. The fifth and fourth on the same principle, but expanded the current output capacity, large multi-use people often take over the load resistor R2 RL, omitted follower amplifier. The fifth is a circuit I would like also to ground load, two are behind the constant current source circuit. Comparison of several V/I circuit, those who are not just one-way devices like transistors, can achieve constant exchange, after the addition of the transistor can only do a unidirectional DC current. The fourth and fifth are built on the basis of balanced positive and negative feedback, and if the error due to the resistance and loss of balance, will affect the constant current output characteristic, that is, the output current will vary with load. And several other resistance error affects only the value of the output current, without affecting the output characteristics, if the output current, or collector current and the emitter current of the transistor is not equal too, can be replaced by transistors MOSFET.
This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of....
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is....
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to....
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The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the....
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,....
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the....
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power....
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
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