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16CR84 Technical Summary

Overview

The 16CR84 is a high-performance, 8-bit microcontroller from Microchip's PIC16F8X family. It is designed for embedded control applications, offering a robust set of features, including flash program memory, data EEPROM, and versatile I/O capabilities. The device is built on Microchip's advanced RISC architecture, ensuring efficient execution of instructions with minimal power consumption.

The 16CR84 is particularly suited for applications requiring reliable non-volatile data storage and flexible interfacing options. Its enhanced core and peripheral set make it an excellent choice for industrial, automotive, and consumer electronics applications.

Features

• High-Performance RISC CPU: Only 35 single-word instructions to learn, with most instructions executing in a single cycle.
• Flash Program Memory: 1K x 14 words of reprogrammable flash memory for flexible code storage.
• Data EEPROM: 64 x 8 bytes of non-volatile data storage for critical parameters.
• Operating Speed: DC to 10 MHz clock input, with a 4 MHz oscillator option.
• I/O Ports: 13 programmable I/O pins with individual direction control.
• Timer Module: 8-bit Timer0 with an 8-bit prescaler for precise timing operations.
• Special CPU Features: Power-on Reset (POR), Watchdog Timer (WDT), and power-saving SLEEP mode.
• Interrupt Capability: Multiple internal and external interrupt sources for responsive event handling.
• Wide Operating Voltage: 2.0V to 5.5V, making it suitable for battery-powered applications.
• Packaging Options: Available in 18-pin PDIP, SOIC, and SSOP packages.

Applications

The 16CR84 is versatile and can be used in a wide range of applications, including but not limited to:

• Industrial Control: Sensor interfacing, motor control, and automation systems.
• Consumer Electronics: Remote controls, smart home devices, and wearable technology.
• Automotive: Dashboard controls, lighting systems, and simple engine management.
• Medical Devices: Portable diagnostic equipment and patient monitoring systems.
• Embedded Systems: Data loggers, security systems, and communication modules.

Electrical Characteristics

Absolute Maximum Ratings

• Supply Voltage (V_DD): -0.3V to +7.0V
• Input Voltage (V_IN): -0.3V to V_DD + 0.3V
• Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
• Storage Temperature Range: -65°C to +150°C

DC Characteristics

• Supply Voltage (V_DD): 2.0V to 5.5V
• Low Power Consumption: < 2 mA typical at 5V, 4 MHz
• Input Leakage Current: ±1 µA max at 5V
• Output Current (per pin): 25 mA sink/source max

AC Characteristics

• Clock Frequency: DC to 10 MHz
• Instruction Cycle Time: 400 ns at 10 MHz
• Timer0 Clock Input Frequency: DC to 50 MHz
• EEPROM Write Time: 4 ms typical

Package Information

18-Pin PDIP (Plastic Dual In-Line Package)

• Dimensions: 22.86 mm x 6.35 mm (body)
• Pin Spacing: 2.54 mm (standard DIP spacing)
• Material: Molded plastic, lead-free option available

18-Pin SOIC (Small Outline Integrated Circuit)

• Dimensions: 11.55 mm x 7.50 mm (body)
• Pin Spacing: 1.27 mm
• Material: Molded plastic, suitable for surface-mount applications

18-Pin SSOP (Shrink Small Outline Package)

• Dimensions: 7.20 mm x 5.30 mm (body)
• Pin Spacing: 0.65 mm
• Material: Molded plastic, compact footprint for space-constrained designs

Memory Organization

The 16CR84 features a well-organized memory architecture:

• Program Memory: 1K x 14-bit flash memory for code storage, with 10,000 erase/write cycle endurance.
• Data Memory (RAM): 68 bytes of general-purpose RAM for variable storage.
• EEPROM Data Memory: 64 bytes of non-volatile storage, rated for 1,000,000 erase/write cycles.

Special Features

Power Management

• SLEEP Mode: Reduces power consumption to < 1 µA typical, ideal for battery-operated devices.
• Watchdog Timer (WDT): Configurable timer with its own RC oscillator for reliable operation.

Reset Mechanisms

• Power-on Reset (POR): Ensures reliable startup when power is applied.
• Brown-out Reset (BOR): Optional feature to reset the device if supply voltage drops below a threshold.

Development Support

Microchip provides comprehensive development tools for the 16CR84, including:

• MPLAB X IDE: Integrated development environment with code editor, simulator, and debugger.
• PICkit™ Programmers: Affordable in-circuit debuggers and programmers.
• Third-Party Compilers: Support for C, Assembly, and BASIC language tools.

Conclusion

The 16CR84 is a versatile and reliable microcontroller suitable for a broad range of embedded applications. Its combination of flash memory, EEPROM, and low-power operation makes it an excellent choice for both prototyping and production designs. With robust development support and flexible packaging options, the 16CR84 delivers performance and ease of use for engineers and hobbyists alike.

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