4N33 Datasheet | Next Electromics

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4N33 Optocoupler Technical Summary

Overview

The 4N33 is a high-performance optically coupled isolator designed to provide electrical isolation between input and output circuits. It consists of a gallium arsenide infrared LED optically coupled to a silicon phototransistor in a standard 6-pin plastic dual in-line package (DIP). This device is part of the 4Nxx series of optocouplers and is particularly noted for its very high current transfer ratio, making it suitable for applications requiring reliable signal isolation.

The 4N33 provides complete galvanic isolation between input and output, with typical isolation resistance of 10¹¹ ohms. It meets stringent safety standards including Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and VDE certifications, making it appropriate for use in safety-critical applications.

Key Features

Very High Current Transfer Ratio (CTR): Minimum 500% at 10mA input current
High Isolation Resistance: 10¹¹ Ω typical between input and output
Standard Plastic DIP Package: 6-pin configuration for easy PCB mounting
Safety Certifications: UL recognized (File #E52744) and VDE approved (#0884, available with Option 1)
Wide Operating Temperature Range: -55°C to +100°C
Fast Response Time: Typical turn-on/turn-off times of 2μs/20μs
High Input-Output Isolation Voltage: 2500V_RMS minimum

Applications

The 4N33 is widely used in applications requiring electrical isolation while maintaining signal integrity:

Industrial Control Systems: Isolate microprocessor I/O from high-voltage industrial equipment
Medical Equipment: Patient-connected instrumentation requiring safety isolation
Telecommunications: Signal isolation in modem and telephone line interfaces
Power Supply Regulation: Feedback loop isolation in switching power supplies
Automotive Electronics: Noise-sensitive applications requiring galvanic isolation
Test and Measurement Equipment: Isolate sensitive measurement circuits from control systems
Motor Control Circuits: Isolate control signals from power stages

Electrical Characteristics

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Input LED Forward Current: 60mA (continuous)
Input LED Reverse Voltage: 6V
Collector-Emitter Voltage: 30V
Emitter-Collector Voltage: 7V
Total Power Dissipation: 150mW at 25°C
Isolation Voltage: 2500V_RMS (1 minute)
Operating Temperature Range: -55°C to +100°C
Storage Temperature Range: -55°C to +125°C

Typical Electrical Characteristics (T_A = 25°C unless otherwise noted)

Forward Voltage (I_F = 10mA): 1.25V typical, 1.5V maximum
Reverse Breakdown Voltage (I_R = 10μA): 6V minimum
LED Capacitance (V_R = 0, f = 1MHz): 15pF typical
Current Transfer Ratio (I_F = 10mA, V_CE = 10V): 500% minimum, 1000% typical
Dark Current (V_CE = 10V): 50nA maximum
Collector-Emitter Breakdown Voltage (I_C = 1mA): 30V minimum
Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage (I_F = 10mA, I_C = 2mA): 0.3V maximum
Turn-On Time (I_F = 10mA, V_CC = 10V, R_L = 100Ω): 2μs typical
Turn-Off Time (Same conditions): 20μs typical
Input-Output Capacitance (V_IO = 0, f = 1MHz): 0.5pF typical
Input-Output Resistance (V_IO = 500V DC): 10¹¹ Ω typical