2N5681 High Voltage Silicon Transistor

Overview

The 2N5681 is a high-voltage silicon NPN power transistor designed for demanding applications requiring robust performance under high voltage conditions. Part of the 2N5681/2N5682 series, this component is engineered to deliver reliable switching and amplification in high-power circuits. Its construction utilizes advanced silicon technology to ensure stability, durability, and efficient thermal management.

This transistor is particularly suited for industrial and commercial applications where high voltage handling and power dissipation are critical. The 2N5681 is characterized by its high current capability, excellent gain performance, and rugged design, making it a preferred choice for power supply designers and engineers.

Features

• High Voltage Capability: Designed to handle collector-emitter voltages up to 400V (2N5681) and 350V (2N5682), making it suitable for high-voltage applications.
• High Current Handling: Continuous collector current rating of 10A, with peak current handling up to 20A.
• Excellent Gain Performance: DC current gain (h_FE) ranging from 15 to 60 at specified operating conditions, ensuring efficient signal amplification.
• Robust Power Dissipation: Capable of dissipating up to 150W (at 25°C case temperature) with proper heat sinking.
• Low Saturation Voltage: Ensures minimal power loss during switching operations, enhancing efficiency.
• Sturdy Package: Housed in a TO-3 metal can package for superior thermal conductivity and mechanical durability.
• Wide Operating Temperature Range: Operates reliably from -65°C to +200°C, suitable for extreme environments.

Applications

The 2N5681 is versatile and finds use in a variety of high-power and high-voltage applications, including:

• Power Supplies: Used in linear and switching power supply circuits for voltage regulation and amplification.
• Motor Control: Ideal for driving high-current motors in industrial automation and robotics.
• Audio Amplifiers: Employed in high-fidelity audio amplifiers for power output stages.
• Inverters and Converters: Suitable for DC-AC and DC-DC conversion circuits in renewable energy systems.
• Industrial Equipment: Used in welding machines, induction heaters, and other high-power industrial devices.
• High-Voltage Switching: Applied in relay drivers, solenoid controls, and other switching applications requiring high voltage tolerance.

Electrical Characteristics

The following table summarizes the key electrical specifications of the 2N5681 transistor under standard test conditions (unless otherwise noted):

Absolute Maximum Ratings

• Collector-Emitter Voltage (V_CEO): 400V (2N5681), 350V (2N5682)
• Collector-Base Voltage (V_CBO): 500V
• Emitter-Base Voltage (V_EBO): 7V
• Collector Current (I_C): 10A (continuous), 20A (peak)
• Total Power Dissipation (P_D): 150W at 25°C case temperature (derate linearly above 25°C)
• Operating and Storage Temperature Range: -65°C to +200°C

Thermal Characteristics

• Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case (R_θJC): 0.875°C/W
• Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient (R_θJA): 35°C/W (with heat sink)

DC Current Gain (h_FE)

• Minimum h_FE at I_C = 5A, V_CE = 4V: 15
• Typical h_FE at I_C = 5A, V_CE = 4V: 30
• Maximum h_FE at I_C = 5A, V_CE = 4V: 60

Switching Characteristics

• Turn-On Time (t_on): 0.5µs (typical)
• Turn-Off Time (t_off): 3.0µs (typical)
• Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage (V_CE(sat)): 1.5V max at I_C = 10A, I_B = 1A

Package Information

The 2N5681 is housed in a TO-3 metal can package, which provides excellent thermal and electrical performance. The package is designed for high-power applications and includes the following mechanical specifications:

• Package Type: TO-3 (JEDEC)
• Dimensions: Approximately 22.86mm (0.9 inches) in diameter and 19.05mm (0.75 inches) in height (excluding leads).
• Weight: Approximately 15 grams.
• Terminal Configuration:
  • Pin 1: Base
  • Pin 2: Emitter
  • Case: Collector (connected to the metal can)
• Mounting: Requires a heat sink for optimal thermal performance. Mounting hardware (insulating washers and screws) may be necessary depending on the application.

Conclusion

The 2N5681 is a high-performance NPN power transistor designed for applications requiring high voltage and current handling capabilities. Its robust TO-3 package, excellent thermal characteristics, and reliable electrical performance make it a preferred choice for power electronics engineers. Whether used in power supplies, motor control, or industrial equipment, the 2N5681 delivers consistent and dependable operation under demanding conditions.