Optical Sensing Circuits
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Normally, Thereminworks by detecting hand proximity using capacitive coupling method. A Theremin circuit shown in the schematic diagram below use different method to control the pitch. The oscillator of this tone generator, both the volume and frequency are.... -
The optical key works as an infrared door opener for house, garage and the likes. Diagram 27. 0 functions as the key. It is a transmitter module which sends out a modulated infrared (IR) beam. The modulating frequency can be adjusted through P1. Diagram 27..... -
The circuit for the Digital Tachometer/RPM Counter consists of only a few devices. Wire them up according to the following circuit diagram. The PIC I`m using is on a demonstration board, which means the clock, power and ground pins are already wired up so I.... -
The use of optical filters to reduce/remove light from other sources. If a fairly narrowband optical filter were used on the receiver, "off-wavelength" light could be rejected - but such filters are quite expensive, they can be difficult to implement on a.... -
As it turns out, many types of LEDs appear to exhibit gain effects akin to those of an avalanche photo diode when reverse-biased - an effect that has been observed in the 25-300 volt area with the voltage, spectral response, and overall sensitivity/gain.... -
Isolation amplifiers provide an effective method to protect IGBTs against over-current, overload and overvoltage conditions in addition to their current/voltage sensing function. Using these devices together with feature-rich gate drivers, you can implement.... -
When the phototransistor is stroken by IR light it conducts and the voltage between the 1Mohm resistor(arbitrary) and the phototrans drops from VCC to lower values. When the voltage drops lower than VCC/3 the 555 is triggered and goes high (from 0 TO VCC)..... -
This optical trigger is a general purpose module for use with `standard` 3mm package infrared diode emitters and corresponding matched phototransistors. The emitter terminal on the module will source about 27mA to ground with a 1. 2 V drop across the diode..... -
The SP1481E SP1485E and SP1490E 1491E series transceivers with SP6652 high efficiency high frequency current mode PWM buck Regulator together allow creating an isolated RS-485 Interface with up to 2kVrms isolation and CAN support up to 15Mbps data rate.... -
Fires the slave flash exactly when the main flash occurs. Some flash settings on digital SLR`s are not compatible. Long battery life, 300 hours of use or more. If not turned OFF after use, the unit will shut down after 15 minutes of inactivity. Battery life,.... -
Insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) require full protection to avoid damage and failures resulting from conditions such as short circuits, overloads and overvoltages. The protection is key to ensuring safe and stable power-converter operations in.... -
The 555 is proved to be the most versatile and ubiquitous IC all over the world.This is a possible use: simple inverting schmitt trigger.... -
The overall task of the optical receiver is to extract the information that has been placed on the modulated light carrier by the distant transmitter and restores the information to its original form. The typical through-the-air communications receiver can.... -
The intent of this article is to demonstrate a basic optical LED wireless link for transmission of high definition (HD) S/PDIF digital audio streams. Circuit designs for both the transmitter (optical modulator) and receiver are presented using inexpensive.... -
This little aid was originally designed to test the Shutter Time Meter. This meter was specifically designed for analogue` SLR cameras. In order to measure the exposure time of a camera accurately, it will first have to be checked with a well-defined signal.... -
As part of the National Instruments Tinker, Learn, and Do Engineering with NI myDAQ course ware, the hands on experiments demonstrate the wide range of possibilities of using NI myDAQ hardware. The 10 lab experiments cover a wide range of topics including.... -
A Theremin circuit shown in the schematic diagram below use different method to control the pitch. The oscillator of this tone generator, both the volume and frequency are controlled using LDRs, a light sensitive electronic component, so we can call this.... -
The circuit described here provides three channels of optically isolated input that will work for many precision signal-acquisition applications. The only power required is a single 15-V rail with ground common to the analog-to-digital converter. Multiplexer.... -
In this circuit, phototransistor and four operational amplifier take the action of total energy detector, to detect the total energy of pulse optical transported by the optical cable communication system. If the light intensity of singal source remains the.... -
This is a luminous flux test circuit with optical resistors. In the circuit, the optical resistor RG forms a bridge with RP1,RP2,R1 and R2; RP1 is used to adjust the balance of the bridge; RP2 is used to adjust the sensitivity of the circuit. If we adjust.... -
Input voltage range of 0-10 V is converted to proportional frequency at output of optoisolator with high linearitv bv RM4151 converter used in combination with RC3403A quad opamp that provides. functions of inverter, integrator, regulator, and LED driver -.... -
This little aid was originally designed to test the Shutter Time Meter. This meter was specifically designed for analogue` SLR cameras. In order to measure the exposure time of a camera accurately, it will first have to be checked with a well-defined signal....
New Circuits
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This project fits more for custom made battery casing that can have more space to hide things inside. This switch with few alterations can be used for any other project as well but is designed based on e-bike needs! This project use a clever functionality of.... -
The circuit described here uses ultrasonic oscillations and operates based on the propagation velocity of these oscillations in the air. Thus, we can easily determine the distance of two points if the time within which the wave travels this distance is.... -
Sometimes the precious metals are hidden too deep and are not detected except with complicated devices. In many cases, however, small pieces of precious metal buried near the surface can be detected by relatively simple means. Everyone is very attractive to.... -
Many times for various reasons we forget or can not water the plants that we have in our homes. And many humidity sensors units just notify us with a beeping sound or with a flashing light, that the pot needs watering. But what if we are away from home? This.... -
The principle behind a metal detector is really very simple. Proof of this is the circuit that follows, in which it proves that the construction of a metal detector can be done in the minute, with few components that we find very easily everywhere. With the.... -
The sub-harmonic bass generator is a sound producing unit for guitars. The sound it produces looks very much like that of the bass guitar. The octave generator is sometimes quite unusual since it does not produce any of the usual ways of coloring the sound,.... -
In the past the sounding (sea bottom measurement) was done with the "bullet", that is, with a heavy lead object that the seamen plucked into the sea hung from a calibrated rope. As soon as the "bullet" reached the bottom, the depth appeared directly from the.... -
This Amplifier was designed to have the following specifications: Distortion less than 0.1% at full power of 100W even at 20KHz. Power has to be attributed to an extended bandwidth. The output transistors must be protected against short circuits. The power.... -
A series of LEDs serve to alert the gardener when plants need water. Using two conventional digital integrated LEDs and a series of LEDs, we make a very useful device for gardening. The device detects the amount of water in the pot and alerts the grower.....
Popular Circuits
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By a crystal oscillator b DTL integrated circuit constituted DTL is shown by the crystal...
Shown for the power-saving voltage regulator circuit. The regulator Besides general delay...