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The following circuit shows about Simple Moisture Detector Circuit Diagram. This circuit based on the 4093 IC. Features: when a certain moisture ....
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The concept of an AC model for the triode is presented and the equivalent circuit technique is described. Theoretical calculations for amplifier gain and frequency response are derived and compared to simulation results in the SPICE3 environment where good....
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Sometimes, you may keep a part of application code in the Flash/EPROM version of the 8031 and remaining part in an EPROM (in an expanded system). Time has come to introduce another useful tool, 8051 Programmer. This Programmer supports the devices in the....
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Bubba oscillator is another example of phase shift oscillator. The Bubba oscillator takes the advantage of quad op-amp package to get 45 degree phase shift for...
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Most cars do not have delayed interior lights. The circuit presented can put this right. It switches the interior lights of a car on and off gradually. This makes it a lot easier, for instance, to find the ignition keyhole when the lights have gone off after....
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This circuit is designed to drive the 1W LEDs that are now commonly available. Their non-linear voltage to current relationship and variation in forward voltage with temperature necessitates the use of a 350mA, constant-current power source as provided by....
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Most of the devices used in amplifier output stages are intrinsically seriously non-linear; the worst of all are transistors (both bipolar and FET) which are almost always used inside a global feedback loop for this very reason. Even tetrode and pentode....
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This quad amplifier is actually intended to be used in a car, but it can naturally also be used for a variety of other medium-power applications. The TDA7375A can be successfully used in all situations in which a reasonable amount of audio power is desired....
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The resistor in series with the LED in Collector circuit of transistor T1 must be 470 ohm, not 470k. To connect the bulb 24V-3W, you should know that resistance of this bulb when lighting is 24x24/3 = 190 ohm, when it is not lit, the resistance is about 10....
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TDA2003 has improved performance with the same pin configuration as the TDA 2002. The features of TDA 2002 - very low number of external components, ease of assembly, space and cost saving - are maintained. The device provides a high output current....
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PicPOV is a project based on ""persistence of vision"". A PIC microcontroller blinks 8 LEDs on and off so that when waved through the air, a mes....
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In contrast to an ordinary voltmeter, the input of an oscilloscope generally has one side (GND) connected to ground via the mains lead. In certain situations this can be very problematic. When the measuring probe is connected to a circuit that is also....
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We decided to design and build a robot capable of vacuuming the floor of a room or area without any human interaction other than just starting the unit. We realized the need for a cheap and convenient product that can be easily used to vacuum a room on its....
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The LT3495/LT3495B/LT3495-1/LT3495B-1 are low noise boost converters with integrated power switch, feedback resistor and output disconnect circuitry. The parts control power delivery by varying both the peak inductor current and switch off-time. This novel*....
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I wanted to do some time lapse photography where the camera would take 1 capture every 20 minutes or so of a race car chassis fabrication project. After looking around on the web, I decided the GoPro Hero2 would work. The GoPro has a built-in time lapse....Simple counting can be done by anyone but counting in interval up to large number is tedious and the chance of forget is maximum. As, we have already published Counter Circuit | Digital Counter. Now, here electronics counter is second project by dreamlover....Acoustic check of transistor and diode junctions, Also suitable as continuity tester Short circuits or broken pcb tracks can be easily recognized by means....This Project is used to indicate the temperature and it is also used as controller. The system will get the temperature from the DS1820 and it will display the temperature over the LCD display. There are 2 preset levels, one is low preset and the other is....A very simple metal detector electronic project circuit can be designed using the CS209A integrated circuit manufactured by Cherry Semiconductor. The CS209A integrated circuit is a bipolar monolithic integrated circuit for use in metal detection proximity....Here we show a little Theremin module which plugs onto a Arduino Board that gives out the tune to a speaker or puts out the tune as control signal like MIDI, Servo etc. We were using this device not only as a musical instrument, various kinds of proximity....This USB to Serial RS232 adapter is very useful in many situations we need to connect a device with RS232 to a computer without RS232 port, but with USB port. Using FT232BM chip manufactured by Future Technology Devices International we can make a very....Hope someone can help me. I want to build a square generator. I want it to have control for frequency variable 1hz to 200hz, a switchable voltage....This device is designed to be a simple, inexpensive comparator`, intended for use in a solar cell power supply setup where a quick too low` or just right` voltage indicator is needed. The circuit consists only of one 5V regulator, two transistors, two LEDs,....Any thoughts as to how to remove RF from a point-to-point chip amp? I suddenly seem to be picking up a RF signal. It is ever so slight that one must....Microcontrollers are just silicon wafers until we tell them what to do, program them according to our requirement.Read More....Build a simple audio amplifier using transistors. I know there are IC designs specifically for the task. But i want to use transistors so i can learn how to use them for amplification. Amplifier Basics - How Amps Work (Intro) by Rod Elliott covers a good....The LT3473/LT3473A are micropower step-up DC/DC converters with integrated Schottky diode and output disconnect circuitry in low profile DFN packages. The small package size, high level of integration and the use of tiny SMT components yield a solution size....The circuit diagram of simple capacitance meter has been published here. The core part of this circuit is the frequency to voltage...The brake pad warning light is designed to come on when the front brakes wear down to about 25% left on the pads. It is triggered by an insert in the pads that has two wires attached. The wiring and pad is part of a ground loop that starts at the instrument....Vacuum tube tesla coils operate in a continuous wave mode of operation, continuously providing energy to the tesla coil secondary. As a result, the output is primarily determined by how much power the vacuum tube can process. The spark discharge and....Used a coil of about 1mH for both sides. Since my chosen frequency was 125 KHz, my capacitor should be 1. 62nF according to the following equation; I picked 1n5 standard value. L1 is driven via a low-impedance 125 KHz oscillator, can be a sine or a square....Here`s a simple lie detector that can be built in a few minutes, but can be incredibly useful when you want to know if someone is really telling you the truth. It is not as sophisticated as the ones the professionals use, but it works. It works by measuring....Digital Command Control, for those who don`t know, offers many advantages over conventional DC analogue control systems. The main one being the simplicity of wiring. DCC allows one to control many locomotives individually on the layout without having to....This power supply circuit uses 120 volts household mains and should only be attempted by someone that has the knowledge and skills to safely construct such a project. Otherwise personal injury and or property damage could result...This mini Logic analyzer is a tool for you to watch on LCD the logic transitions 0 or 1 of a digital data signal. A digital data signal can be found on the output pin of TSOP-1730 Infrared Receiver, on the Transmit and reveive pins of MAX-232 chip (RS-232),....The history of a pioneering tube that was developed by Philips Research and that was, next to the magnetron, The most important tube from World War II The radio valve factory of Philips in Eindhoven was the scene of unusual tension and activity in the....This circuit was designed to protect a computer monitor from overheating. It is recommended to attach this circuit to power users` monitors! Most computer monitors of the CRT type fail owing to over-heating. After one or two hours of use, the rear of a....This is a Sine Wave Oscillator circuit. This circuit as known as amplitude-stabilized sine-wave oscillator. It can gives high purity sine-wave output down to....The AS3636 is a highly integrated Photoflash charger including IGBT driver, inductive DCDC boost autofocus/ video LED driver, an indicator LED driver and it includes system level ESD protection and a ....FET has a very high input impedance (100 Mega ohm in case of JFETs and 104 to 109 Mega Ohm in case of MOSFETs), the major shortcomings of an ordinary transistor i. e. low input impedance with consequent of loading of signal source is eliminated in FET. Hence....It makes sense to build your own individual joystick. Especially the flight simulation enthusiasts like to build cockpit parts with the look and feel of original aircraft parts. Such self made hardware needs an joystick controller that meets the requirements....The battery should charge up to 14 volts. A reading of 10. 7 volts indicates that one cell is shorted. A good way to diagnose this further is to look at the water level in the cells. The shorted cell will bubble more vigorously and lose water faster than the....The schematic herein appears a 5A H-Bridge Module for the working of one Bipolar DC motor. H-Bridge Module consists of one set header (J2) and one set connector terminal (J1). And here are the J2 pinout description of H-Bridge module interface:...Since the maximum charge voltage measures 1. 45 volts and higher trigger threshold is about 1. 7 V, this voltage can be adjusted using potentiometer P1 to the value of 1. 45 volts. TTL control signal output by the voltage divider R4/R5, constant current....The Echorec delay is a superb piece of engineering! In their quest for perfection Binson got many important aspects of the design right, maintaining a balance between simplicity and adding genuinely useful features to this classic echo machine. The engineers....Here is the circuit diagram of an ultra sensitive intruder alarm. The shadow of an intruder passing few meters nearby the circuit is enough to trigger the alarm. Here IC2 uA 741 is wired as a sensitive comparator, whose set point is set by R6 &R7. The....This antenna selector circuit diagram electronic project is designed using common electronic components and allows switching between two FM antennas via a logic signal. Gates IC1b and IC1a provide switching and interface between the logical form of 5 and 12....The RF oscillator using the inverter N2 and 10. 7Mhz ceramic filter is driving the parallel combination of N4 to N6 through N3. Since these inverters are in parallel the output impedance will be low so that it can directly drive an aerial of 1/4th....The circuit, consisting of an infrared transmitter-receiver pair, utilizes IR beam transmission to switch the toy car on` or off`, yeah. it will be only switching on and switching off, you may modify this circuit to make the toy car to turn left or right. To....Here is simple method that you can try. It might NOT be as accurate as scientific professional tools, but seems more accurate than some of the manufacturers. Wire the resistor in parallel with the photodiode to reduce saturation effect. Normally, wire the....Most thefts happen after midnight hours when people enter the second phase of sleep called paradoxical` sleep. Here is an energy-saving circuit that causes the thieves to abort the theft attempt by lighting up the possible sites of intrusion (such as kitchen....We mounted one of them on a wooden sigar box and connected the anode via a large series resistance to the live wire of the 220V mains! Just by touching one of the cathodes it was possible to make the numbers glow.I think that this was the beginning of my....As I carry out a lot of repairs on C. B. and audio equipment, I need a variable power supply with very good current limiting and protection. The circuit I designed for this purpose is shown in the diagram below. This power unit will deliver a current from....This circuit has been designed to provide a clearly visible light, formed by 13 high efficiency flashing LEDs arranged in a pseudo-rotating order. Due to low voltage, low drain battery operation and small size, the device is suitable for mounting on bicycles....After constructing the Pulse Width Modulator for High Power LEDs I needed to build another LED modulator for another optical transceiver. For this project I decided to take a different approach and use solely linear techniques for the audio modulation. Like....Circuit schematic for the classic PIC serial programming cable. There is also a high resolution version of the image, and a Scalable Vector Graphics source file for printing. Please note that the SVG file might not display properly in some browsers.....A servo controller for controlling a servo motor from the serial port using a PIC Microcontroller. Project includes source code description and schematics....This doorbell circuit produces a low tone that will slide up to higher frequency. The equivalent total resistance connected between the base of Q1 and ground (Rbg), and coupling capacitor C1 determines the AF oscillator`s frequency. The resistance (Rbg) is....Simple Surround Sound Decoder. Introduction This surround-sound decoder is based on the Hafler principle, first discovered by David Hafler sometime in the early 1970s. The original idea...The prototype of Keypad Switch No. 2 was built using only the Stripboard Layout as a guide. So - if you have faithfully reproduced that layout - you will have a working circuit. Once you`re satisfied that your layout is correct - and you have made a careful....A "video-digitiser" (also known as a "frame grabber") captures pictures from a TV set, camera, or video recorder, etc. , and forwards them to a computer for display, storage, or general manipulation. This document describes a home-built digitiser which....The total gain of the car antenna amplifier is around 30 dB and the input impedance at 30 Mhz is around 10 K ©. The amplifier must be mounted directly at the base of the antenna to avoid signal losses caused by the capacitive character of the coaxial cable.....Used in digital voltmeters to convert AC waveform to full-waverectified DC equivalent. First 3130 opamp is used as polarity separator, with negative-going signals appearing across upper 10K resistor and positive-going signals across lower 10K resistor.....When the water is empty the wires in the tank are open circuited and the 180K resistors pulls the switch low hence opening the switch and LEDs are OFF. As the water starts filling up, first the wire in the tank connected to S1 and the + supply are shorted by....The 10K resistor (*) is only required if you want the receiver to mute (squelch) under no-signal conditions. You could add a 100K in series with this resistor to get an adjustable squelch. This circuit will JUST drive a crystal earphone or high impedance....The LM3361A contains a complete narrow band FM de- modulation system operable to less than 2V supply voltage. Blocks within the device include an Oscillator mixer, FM IF Limiting Amplifier FM Demodulator op amp scan control, and mute Switch The LM3361A is....Because i cant get help with this in tubes/valves section, i`m opening thread here with HOPE , that SOMEONE whould be able to HELP ME. I need help....If the instruments have power when you turn on the key, then I would check the neutral safety switch. Based on Standard Boat Wiring Colors, follow the yellow/red wire from the starter post on the key switch to the neutral safety switch in the shifter....This software was written for this hardware. Therefore the pin allocation of the Atmel Attiny2313 in this curciut corresponds to the orginal of So the software will run on both hardware platforms. Important note: The processor AT90S2313 requires an external....This tutorial shows how you can build a small relay interface board so that you can use the U4x1 devices to control circuits that require more current or a higher voltage than what the U4x1 devices can provide directly. This tutorial is meant to help anyone....Louder music, sirens or speech in response to higher ambient noise levels? This simple circuit has the answer, and it may enable your robot to be at least....Try this on for size. This is Tesla`s own words. From: ""On Light and Other High Frequency Phenomena"" ""ON PHENOMENA PRODUCED BY....Using a low-cost high-side precision current monitor to prevent excessive load currents from damaging power supplies....This circuit provides either latched switching or timed switching. U1A and U1B provide audio ampliftcation from the microphone, U2 is a retriggerable monostable multivibrator. S1A and S1B select either U3, a flip flop, or U2. R13 and R14 allow a 6 to....Each audio/video output can be switched to any of the 8 inputs, separately. One module drives one audio/video output and has a 34-pin connector to plug into the system interface. You can use video OPA-s on the 4051 output instead. Note that you can get full....I have been hacking the Dyna PAS chassis with various cascoded and cascaded phono circuits all employing negative feedback RIAA EQ in search for a circuit that will satisfy my musical requirements. My research ended when I discovered thisunglamorous2-stage....This is a very simple game circuit. You can play this with your friends. To win this game one has to scores hundred points in very short time. Incase if you want to restart the game you need to press S1 button switch. When supplies the output voltage make....SPI stands for Serial Peripheral Interface and it is the simplest among all the communication protocols. 8bit data registers in the devices are connected by wires. These data registers works as shift registers and one of the device controls the data exchange....This web site provides schematics and instructions to construct a keypad circuit that can be interfaced to a PC using an 8255 PC interface board. The keypad is directly connected to a "client" computer that in turn transmits information from the keypad over....Remote sensor sends data via mains supply, Temperature range: 00.0 to 99.9 °C This circuit is intended for precision centigrade temperature measurement, w....