New Circuits Page 115
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Just a nitpick, you don`t have the Leds in Parallel with the transistor. If you did, the leds would be on when the transistor is off. You have them in parallel going into the transistor. All the transistor sees is n times led current going through it. It....
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This project combines two popular themes from radio history ”crystal radios and shortwave (SW) listening. It`s designed from scratch by our non-resident engineer Walter Heskes. Despite all of the advances in modern electronics, there are thousands of crystal....
-
On this page we will discuss the power electronics needed for our EDM machine. The basic mechanism of electrical discharge machining is a controlled spark between the electrode and the workpiece. This part of the electronic design generates the waveforms....
-
This is a circuit for an LM1893 power line modem circuit. This circuit is used to transfer information between remote location by using the power mains. This circuit uses LM1893 that is used as a power line interface for half-duplex (bi-directional)....
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To provide rapid motor speed changes and motor direction reversal, four outputs drive a MOSFET H-bridge. N-channel devices are the lower rail power MOSFETs and P-channels are the upper MOSFETs. All of them are driven by the TC4469. A small series resistor....
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You can save on your electricity bills by switching to alternative sources of power. The photovoltaic module or solar panel described here is capable of delivering a power of 5 watts. At full sunlight, the solar panel outputs 16.5V. It can deliver a current....
-
Make a Oscillator circuit with a Op Amp and an crystal (7. 68 MHz) Similar to the one in the schematic below, but for a 7. 68 MHz crystal. I have the crystal, various Capacitors, Resistors and a couple of Op Amps. But no digital Logic chips. "LM111 is not an....
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I have two ICM7555 CMOS 555 timers, and I was wondering if anyone has any good am radio transmitter circuits that incorporate two (or one!) 555 timers....
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Idea of this circuit came to me at midnight when my pet dog started barking continuously on sensing a moving shadow, perhaps that of an intruder. Dogs have a night adaptation capability to maximise the sensitivity of vision in low light. They are well....
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Ed Skilling recounts his meetings with Lester Hendershot and offers details of the mysterious Hendershot Motor....
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This circuit is similar to the one above but uses positive feedback to get a little more amplitude to the speaker. I copied it from a small 5 transistor radio that uses a 25 ohm speaker. In the circuit above, the load resistor for the driver transistor is....
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After some time of no building activity, the dark afternoons and less busy week-ends has come finally. Perfect time of the season to build a new rig. See what is being done on my bench. I like this way of start, because of easy modelling a components layout.....
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The transistors Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 form the bridge circuit. Generally these are power transistors capable of handling high current. Q5 and Q6 drive the bridge. when the `A` is made high and `B` low, transistor Q5 is on and it makes Q1 and Q4 on. The current....
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This web page presents details regarding the design of a strain gage based load cell that can be used, in conjunction with an electronic data acquisition (DAQ) system, for static thrust measurement of a rocket motor. The load cell described here is meant to....
-
Tesla coils are air-core, resonant transformers. Working at high frequencies, they can generate tremendous voltages with spectacular lightning-like discharges. The most popular use for them has been in the film industry, where they are used whenever....
-
Here is a simple circuit based on IC uA 741 that can be used to pickup voice from telephone lines without even contacting the line. If a high impedance magnetic core is placed near a telephone instrument or near one of the telephone wires, it picks up....
-
-
Voltage regulator ICs (78xx series) provide a steady output voltage, as against a widely fluctuating input supply, when the common terminal is grounded. Any voltage about zero volt (ground) connected in the common terminal is added to the output voltage.....
-
A pair of multi-range timers offering periods of up to 24 hours and beyond. Both are essentially the same. The main difference is, that when the time runs out, Version 1 energizes the relay and Version 2 de-energizes it. The first uses less power while the....
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This 555 timer circuit toggles a relay when a button is pressed. Pins 2 and 6, the threshold and trigger inputs, are held at 1/2 the supply voltage by the two 10K resistors. When the output is high, the capacitor charges through the 100K resistor, and....
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A DC motor worksby converting electricpower into mechanical work. This is accomplished by forcing current through a coil and producing a magnetic field that spins the motor. One technique to vary the speed of a DC motor is by varying the voltage on the coil.....
-
This low-cost function generator, based on the Maxim MAX038 high-frequency waveform generator, produces sine, triangle, and square waves from under 1 Hz to over 20 MHz..
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C1 takes the DC decoupled voltage from the Microphone, amplifies this via Q1, C2 decouples it again, then R6 and C3 Low Pass Filter it, but once we get to Q2, Secondly how does this circut actually accomplish frequency modulation: Please use math on me! (I....
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ESP Lighting Information Page - Dimmers, electronic transformers, etc. - how they work, what`s wrong with them and how it can be fixed....
-
-
-
This circuit, enclosed into a small box, is placed in the fridge near the lamp (if any) or the opening. With the door closed the interior of the fridge is in the dark, the photo resistor R2 presents a high resistance (up to 200K) thus clamping IC1 by holding....
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This negative oxygen ion generator circuit is composed of power supply steady voltage circuit, under voltage detection indication circuit, high frequency oscillator and high voltage generator circuit, it is shown in the figure 9-113. The power supply steady....
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Current mode amplifier has the benefit of higher frequency operation, and LM359 comes as operational amplifier with this type op amplifier. Current mode....
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-
Generates force field of high-intensity sound inside car, painful enough to discourage thief from entering car after tripping alarm switch by opening door. Circuit produces square-wave output that sweeps up and down in frequency. Modulation is provided by....
-
Pulse size and width are independent of the pulse energy or other properties of the event. Geiger-Mueller tubes are less sensitive to non-gamma-ray radiation, and their dose-rate calibration accuracy is poor. They are widely used because they offer a good....
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Apart from the diode (which replacement would need a PbS, Lead Sulphyde, galena cristal) everything you can see in the circuit (for the no power version) can be built with enamel wire, alluminium cooking foil, carton wax and so on. The real painful part is....
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Current loop interface has been widely used in industrial environment because it`s robustness. Noise resistance and fail detection capability? made it suitable...
-
A simple Hi Fi amplifier circuit diagram with schematic for making audio amplifier,design using TDA 2616 IC, which is a stereo power amplifier, useful for radio,tape and television. Delivers 2*12 watts net 24 watts...
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This project operates red, amber and green LEDs in the correct sequence for a single UK traffic light. The time taken for the complete red - red & amber - green - amber sequence can be varied from about 7s to about 2 ½ minutes by adjusting the 1M preset.....
-
Here is to introduce the LED car voltmeter which is made of the op-amp LM312 and LED, it can display 6 gears of voltages, 10-15V, each gear is 1V. The working principle of the circuit The LED car voltmeter consists of the regulator circuit, Vref circuit,....
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This circuit controls a load (in this case a dc brushless fan) based on a temperature compared with a setpoint. THe transduced is a diode in the forward polarization regime. In fact when forward biased, the forward voltage drop accross a diode has a....
-
DDR SDRAM is a dynamic ram standard that is designed to provide high memory depth and bandwidth. This section will provide the basic DDR SDRAM background necessary to effectively use the TM-4`s memory subsystem. In particular the memory organization will be....
-
While most commercial grade signal generators offer more than just outputting a sinusoidal waveform, they are quite pricey for casual use. In this article, I will show you a simple wide band signal generator that is built around a Linear Technology`s LTC6905....
-
Nowadays you can buy white LEDs, which emit quite a bit of light. They are so bright that you shouldn`t look directly at them. They are still expensive, but that is bound to change. You can make a very good solid-state pocket torch using a few of these white....
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A 12V supply is connected to the 12V positive wire, the current flows through a protection diode and a capacitor, in order to filter the voltage into a smoother flow. The zener resistor (R5) limits the current flowing to the zener diode, which regulates the....
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Most of the strobocopes designed for commercial use (light effects, theatrical lighting, DJ-lights) have a external trigger connectors on the back of the strobocope. Those connectors trigger input are typically 6. 3 mm jacks or XLR connectors. Sometimes....
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This circuit is xenon lamp flash detector. It has a very low standby current requirement yet has very high sensitivity toward the light flashes from a xenon lamp. When connected to a flip/flop it can serve as an on on/off controller...
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This project demonstrates a number of aspects of the PIC16F687 microcontroller, like: ultra low power wake up, serial communications, nanowatt technology etc. The device can be used for different purposes. For example: measuring the content of a rain water....
-
Hello, I am new to electronics. It has recently become a hobby. I have built a few guitar pedals and small amps. My project I`m working on now is an....
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These little devices had a 1. 5 inch 128x128 colour TFT as well as USB, batteries and 16 Mbytes of storage for around 140 pictures. Best of all they were very cheap, so I purchased a few to see if they could be re-purposed into something useful. Looking on....
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The preamplifier is very simple. I used a Low Noise integrated circuit manufactured by Hewlett Packard. The device name is MGA86563. It has a Noise Figure of about 2dB and can be used from 0. 5 GHz to at least 6 GHz. The gain is about 20-22dB at 2. 3 GHz.....
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When a key is pressed the remote control sends a preamble followed by 32 bits of information encoded using these pulse timings. Examples of these pulses can be seen below as logic analyser screen dumps (the glitches are bugs in the Logic analyser software).....
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This dual polarity power supply is easy to build, requires few parts, and is adjustable from 0-15 volts. It is great for powering op amp circuits, as well as other circuits that require a dual supply voltage. 4. U1 and U2 can only go down to a minimum of....
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Single Chip Memory Call Bell using quad 2 input NAND gate CD4011 record when any guest come in absence of us.circuit diagram with description various doorbell project...
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This ac to dc power supply can output 5A in continous operation and 12A peak current. This kind of dc power supplies uses a PCB so you can use two case typ....
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This circuit is a circuit run on alternating two insignia. It uses the 2-color LED with a built-participating in 3-pin single. This preference look for away the glow of every LED until the base. It turns alternating to one more color. In in the least way to....
-
-
The debate still goes on as to which are better, valves or transistors. We don`t intend to get involved in that argument here. But if you can`t make your mind up, you should try out this simple amplifier. This amplifier uses a valve as a pre-amplifier and a....
-
Decorative lights arranged in different moving patterns look very interesting and are surely eye catching and that`s why these types of lighting arrangement have gained immense popularity in today`s world. Though the more complex lighting might need the....
-
-
After the wizardry that is our standard renegerative front-end receiver circuit, we will be able to see some initial output receiver from our transmitter. The point in the schematic we`ll look at first is right after the LC tuning circuit and DC blocking....
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Audio Visual Ringer. Many a times one needs an extra telephone ringer in an ad-joining room to know if there is an incoming call. For example, if the telephone is installed in...
-
-
Intercom or Inter communication circuit is a two directional communication system. It provides a reliable communication line and is extremely easy to implement. The circuit is prepared by an amplifier, two switches and two loudspeakers. We can extend this....
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This is a simple and easy to construct digital dice circuit. The circuit is based on a single IC, CD4060B. The dice consists of six LEDs marked D1 to D6. The number of LEDs glowing indicates the numeral. The heart of this circuit is 14 stage binary ripple....
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This IC require less external components too, making it easier for a beginner to make this on veroboard. The original circuit I got from it`s datasheet. A little modified circuit below, This can be operated with single supply line, but that topology gives....
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thanks for your replies in my previous thread posted, i really appreciate. pls., how do i, and what circuit diagram should i use to convert a 24v dc....
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This is a Low Distortion Crystal Oscillator circuit. This circuit generate a sinewave that has low phase noise and distortion. This circuit can be used to...
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-
Edge Avoider Robot (EAR) is a mobile device, which senses and avoids the absence of surface below it....
-
DC To DC Converter circuit used to be an convert voltage DC to DC with different concepts. DC to DC converter circuit +12 V to + /-20V is working to change the battery voltage from 12V DC to 20V DC voltage symmetrical. DC to DC converter circuit is often....
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Here is a simple circuit that can be used as a tachometer. The circuit is basically a frequency to current converter which converts the incoming signal into a proportional current to drive the meter. The deflection on the ammeter will be proportional to the....
-
A multivibrator is an electronic circuit used to implement a variety of simple two-state systems such as light emitting diodes, timers and flip-flops. The monostable multivibrator will create a condition: in which one of the states is stabl....
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A simple low cost Infrared LED speedometer is described that can be fitted to a skateboard, longboard or even a bicycle to measure speed. Notes on building, setting-up and calibration are given. When used with a low cost data logger continuous measurements....
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On the amplifier circuit using ic STK, the same as my previous posting. However, in the above circuit has 2 inputs and 2 outputs, or commonly called a stereo amplifier. This issue of power amplifier 2 x 18Watt and has impedance 8. To stress that it takes....
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Why are four legs connected to the green LED and two to the amber LED in the 4017 traffic light circuit Shouldn`t it be able to do with only one leg per LED Each output is consecutively active for the same time. By wired-OR-ing outputs you can create longer....
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Attention! This strobe light circuit is connected to 220V, so measurements and experiments are very dangerous even after unplugging it from the mains. P1 p....
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The white LEDs have different voltage and current requirements so they will need different resistors. So I`ll begin with a parts list: It`s the same idea as before, only the white LEDs are shaped differently because they have their own heatsink that they are....
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The circuit described here is of an economical smooth variable power supply which offers 0V to 24V. It provides all controls and short circuit....
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This is a chapter that was cut from Applied Robotics 2 because of space issues. It discusses motor control issues in general and then moves on to build a 5-amp motor driver. The principles involved can be applied to much larger motor controllers. Though it....
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The device we then build will function as a metal detector that can scout out metal objects, such as coins, nails, keys such as car keys you may not be able to find, and even gold if you`re looking for in a beach (though this one may not have industrial....
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This is the simple basic design of servo motor controller with pulse generator. It uses the CMOS IC 7555 in the Astable mode to generate pulses to drive th....
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This digital-to-analog converter (DAC) integrated circuit is designed for lowest noise performance, both radiated and conducted noise. A recommendedconnection diagram for the ADV7123 is shown in the following schematic diagram. According tothe ADV7123....
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This page provided to the domain owner free by Sedo`s Domain Parking. Disclaimer: Domain owner and Sedo maintain no relationship with third party advertisers. Reference to any specific service or trade mark is not controlled by Sedo or domain owner and does....
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If the green LED is on, the slave MCU is enabled. The MAX690 keeps the memory contents during power off. No resouces of the slave MCU are used. Wenn a SAB-C515 is used, it is possible to develop programs for the AT89-family easily by changing simply the port....
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Switching power supply whose output voltage is appreciably lower than its input voltage has an interesting property: the current drawn by it is smaller than its output current. However, the input power (UI) is, of course, greater than the output power. There....
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Build various power conversion circuits with Arduino microcontroller....
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MC78L15ABPG positive voltage regulator, 100mA, TO-92..
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This is the circuit diagram of the simplest single chip AM radio. The circuit is designed around the IC ZN414Z which is a ten transistor tuned radio frequency receiver. The IC has only three leads and is available in the TO92 package. All necessary circuits....
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These two resistors have two functions. One, if I touch the circuit by accident, they limit the current to a lower value. Two, when the flash fires, the main capacitor looks like a short circuit to the power supply. These two resistors limit the short....
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Here is a circuit diagram of car stereo. Below is a circuit diagram of class B 15 Watts audio amplifier is designed using a dual op-amp and transistor. The 15 W class B audio amplifier circuit shown here is a simple class B audio amplifier based onLM833 op. ..
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The allowable reduction in system performance. For a fire control radar, the acceptable degradation is usually expressed as a reduction in range; for example, the maximum lock-on range might be degraded by 25 percent without loss of essential defense....
Just a nitpick, you don`t have the Leds in Parallel with the transistor. If you did, the leds would be on when the transistor is off. You have them in parallel going into the transistor. All the transistor sees is n times led current going through it. It....
This project combines two popular themes from radio history ”crystal radios and shortwave (SW) listening. It`s designed from scratch by our non-resident engineer Walter Heskes. Despite all of the advances in modern electronics, there are thousands of crystal....
On this page we will discuss the power electronics needed for our EDM machine. The basic mechanism of electrical discharge machining is a controlled spark between the electrode and the workpiece. This part of the electronic design generates the waveforms....
This is a circuit for an LM1893 power line modem circuit. This circuit is used to transfer information between remote location by using the power mains. This circuit uses LM1893 that is used as a power line interface for half-duplex (bi-directional)....
To provide rapid motor speed changes and motor direction reversal, four outputs drive a MOSFET H-bridge. N-channel devices are the lower rail power MOSFETs and P-channels are the upper MOSFETs. All of them are driven by the TC4469. A small series resistor....
You can save on your electricity bills by switching to alternative sources of power. The photovoltaic module or solar panel described here is capable of delivering a power of 5 watts. At full sunlight, the solar panel outputs 16.5V. It can deliver a current....
Make a Oscillator circuit with a Op Amp and an crystal (7. 68 MHz) Similar to the one in the schematic below, but for a 7. 68 MHz crystal. I have the crystal, various Capacitors, Resistors and a couple of Op Amps. But no digital Logic chips. "LM111 is not an....
I have two ICM7555 CMOS 555 timers, and I was wondering if anyone has any good am radio transmitter circuits that incorporate two (or one!) 555 timers....
Idea of this circuit came to me at midnight when my pet dog started barking continuously on sensing a moving shadow, perhaps that of an intruder. Dogs have a night adaptation capability to maximise the sensitivity of vision in low light. They are well....
Ed Skilling recounts his meetings with Lester Hendershot and offers details of the mysterious Hendershot Motor....
This circuit is similar to the one above but uses positive feedback to get a little more amplitude to the speaker. I copied it from a small 5 transistor radio that uses a 25 ohm speaker. In the circuit above, the load resistor for the driver transistor is....
After some time of no building activity, the dark afternoons and less busy week-ends has come finally. Perfect time of the season to build a new rig. See what is being done on my bench. I like this way of start, because of easy modelling a components layout.....
The transistors Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 form the bridge circuit. Generally these are power transistors capable of handling high current. Q5 and Q6 drive the bridge. when the `A` is made high and `B` low, transistor Q5 is on and it makes Q1 and Q4 on. The current....
This web page presents details regarding the design of a strain gage based load cell that can be used, in conjunction with an electronic data acquisition (DAQ) system, for static thrust measurement of a rocket motor. The load cell described here is meant to....
Tesla coils are air-core, resonant transformers. Working at high frequencies, they can generate tremendous voltages with spectacular lightning-like discharges. The most popular use for them has been in the film industry, where they are used whenever....
Here is a simple circuit based on IC uA 741 that can be used to pickup voice from telephone lines without even contacting the line. If a high impedance magnetic core is placed near a telephone instrument or near one of the telephone wires, it picks up....
Voltage regulator ICs (78xx series) provide a steady output voltage, as against a widely fluctuating input supply, when the common terminal is grounded. Any voltage about zero volt (ground) connected in the common terminal is added to the output voltage.....
A pair of multi-range timers offering periods of up to 24 hours and beyond. Both are essentially the same. The main difference is, that when the time runs out, Version 1 energizes the relay and Version 2 de-energizes it. The first uses less power while the....
This 555 timer circuit toggles a relay when a button is pressed. Pins 2 and 6, the threshold and trigger inputs, are held at 1/2 the supply voltage by the two 10K resistors. When the output is high, the capacitor charges through the 100K resistor, and....
A DC motor worksby converting electricpower into mechanical work. This is accomplished by forcing current through a coil and producing a magnetic field that spins the motor. One technique to vary the speed of a DC motor is by varying the voltage on the coil.....
This low-cost function generator, based on the Maxim MAX038 high-frequency waveform generator, produces sine, triangle, and square waves from under 1 Hz to over 20 MHz..
C1 takes the DC decoupled voltage from the Microphone, amplifies this via Q1, C2 decouples it again, then R6 and C3 Low Pass Filter it, but once we get to Q2, Secondly how does this circut actually accomplish frequency modulation: Please use math on me! (I....
ESP Lighting Information Page - Dimmers, electronic transformers, etc. - how they work, what`s wrong with them and how it can be fixed....
This circuit, enclosed into a small box, is placed in the fridge near the lamp (if any) or the opening. With the door closed the interior of the fridge is in the dark, the photo resistor R2 presents a high resistance (up to 200K) thus clamping IC1 by holding....
This negative oxygen ion generator circuit is composed of power supply steady voltage circuit, under voltage detection indication circuit, high frequency oscillator and high voltage generator circuit, it is shown in the figure 9-113. The power supply steady....
Current mode amplifier has the benefit of higher frequency operation, and LM359 comes as operational amplifier with this type op amplifier. Current mode....
Generates force field of high-intensity sound inside car, painful enough to discourage thief from entering car after tripping alarm switch by opening door. Circuit produces square-wave output that sweeps up and down in frequency. Modulation is provided by....
Pulse size and width are independent of the pulse energy or other properties of the event. Geiger-Mueller tubes are less sensitive to non-gamma-ray radiation, and their dose-rate calibration accuracy is poor. They are widely used because they offer a good....
Apart from the diode (which replacement would need a PbS, Lead Sulphyde, galena cristal) everything you can see in the circuit (for the no power version) can be built with enamel wire, alluminium cooking foil, carton wax and so on. The real painful part is....
Current loop interface has been widely used in industrial environment because it`s robustness. Noise resistance and fail detection capability? made it suitable...
A simple Hi Fi amplifier circuit diagram with schematic for making audio amplifier,design using TDA 2616 IC, which is a stereo power amplifier, useful for radio,tape and television. Delivers 2*12 watts net 24 watts...
This project operates red, amber and green LEDs in the correct sequence for a single UK traffic light. The time taken for the complete red - red & amber - green - amber sequence can be varied from about 7s to about 2 ½ minutes by adjusting the 1M preset.....
Here is to introduce the LED car voltmeter which is made of the op-amp LM312 and LED, it can display 6 gears of voltages, 10-15V, each gear is 1V. The working principle of the circuit The LED car voltmeter consists of the regulator circuit, Vref circuit,....
This circuit controls a load (in this case a dc brushless fan) based on a temperature compared with a setpoint. THe transduced is a diode in the forward polarization regime. In fact when forward biased, the forward voltage drop accross a diode has a....
DDR SDRAM is a dynamic ram standard that is designed to provide high memory depth and bandwidth. This section will provide the basic DDR SDRAM background necessary to effectively use the TM-4`s memory subsystem. In particular the memory organization will be....
While most commercial grade signal generators offer more than just outputting a sinusoidal waveform, they are quite pricey for casual use. In this article, I will show you a simple wide band signal generator that is built around a Linear Technology`s LTC6905....
Nowadays you can buy white LEDs, which emit quite a bit of light. They are so bright that you shouldn`t look directly at them. They are still expensive, but that is bound to change. You can make a very good solid-state pocket torch using a few of these white....
A 12V supply is connected to the 12V positive wire, the current flows through a protection diode and a capacitor, in order to filter the voltage into a smoother flow. The zener resistor (R5) limits the current flowing to the zener diode, which regulates the....
Most of the strobocopes designed for commercial use (light effects, theatrical lighting, DJ-lights) have a external trigger connectors on the back of the strobocope. Those connectors trigger input are typically 6. 3 mm jacks or XLR connectors. Sometimes....
This circuit is xenon lamp flash detector. It has a very low standby current requirement yet has very high sensitivity toward the light flashes from a xenon lamp. When connected to a flip/flop it can serve as an on on/off controller...
This project demonstrates a number of aspects of the PIC16F687 microcontroller, like: ultra low power wake up, serial communications, nanowatt technology etc. The device can be used for different purposes. For example: measuring the content of a rain water....
Hello, I am new to electronics. It has recently become a hobby. I have built a few guitar pedals and small amps. My project I`m working on now is an....
These little devices had a 1. 5 inch 128x128 colour TFT as well as USB, batteries and 16 Mbytes of storage for around 140 pictures. Best of all they were very cheap, so I purchased a few to see if they could be re-purposed into something useful. Looking on....
The preamplifier is very simple. I used a Low Noise integrated circuit manufactured by Hewlett Packard. The device name is MGA86563. It has a Noise Figure of about 2dB and can be used from 0. 5 GHz to at least 6 GHz. The gain is about 20-22dB at 2. 3 GHz.....
When a key is pressed the remote control sends a preamble followed by 32 bits of information encoded using these pulse timings. Examples of these pulses can be seen below as logic analyser screen dumps (the glitches are bugs in the Logic analyser software).....
This dual polarity power supply is easy to build, requires few parts, and is adjustable from 0-15 volts. It is great for powering op amp circuits, as well as other circuits that require a dual supply voltage. 4. U1 and U2 can only go down to a minimum of....
Single Chip Memory Call Bell using quad 2 input NAND gate CD4011 record when any guest come in absence of us.circuit diagram with description various doorbell project...
This ac to dc power supply can output 5A in continous operation and 12A peak current. This kind of dc power supplies uses a PCB so you can use two case typ....
This circuit is a circuit run on alternating two insignia. It uses the 2-color LED with a built-participating in 3-pin single. This preference look for away the glow of every LED until the base. It turns alternating to one more color. In in the least way to....
The debate still goes on as to which are better, valves or transistors. We don`t intend to get involved in that argument here. But if you can`t make your mind up, you should try out this simple amplifier. This amplifier uses a valve as a pre-amplifier and a....
Decorative lights arranged in different moving patterns look very interesting and are surely eye catching and that`s why these types of lighting arrangement have gained immense popularity in today`s world. Though the more complex lighting might need the....
After the wizardry that is our standard renegerative front-end receiver circuit, we will be able to see some initial output receiver from our transmitter. The point in the schematic we`ll look at first is right after the LC tuning circuit and DC blocking....
Audio Visual Ringer. Many a times one needs an extra telephone ringer in an ad-joining room to know if there is an incoming call. For example, if the telephone is installed in...
Intercom or Inter communication circuit is a two directional communication system. It provides a reliable communication line and is extremely easy to implement. The circuit is prepared by an amplifier, two switches and two loudspeakers. We can extend this....
This is a simple and easy to construct digital dice circuit. The circuit is based on a single IC, CD4060B. The dice consists of six LEDs marked D1 to D6. The number of LEDs glowing indicates the numeral. The heart of this circuit is 14 stage binary ripple....
This IC require less external components too, making it easier for a beginner to make this on veroboard. The original circuit I got from it`s datasheet. A little modified circuit below, This can be operated with single supply line, but that topology gives....
thanks for your replies in my previous thread posted, i really appreciate. pls., how do i, and what circuit diagram should i use to convert a 24v dc....
This is a Low Distortion Crystal Oscillator circuit. This circuit generate a sinewave that has low phase noise and distortion. This circuit can be used to...
Edge Avoider Robot (EAR) is a mobile device, which senses and avoids the absence of surface below it....
DC To DC Converter circuit used to be an convert voltage DC to DC with different concepts. DC to DC converter circuit +12 V to + /-20V is working to change the battery voltage from 12V DC to 20V DC voltage symmetrical. DC to DC converter circuit is often....
Here is a simple circuit that can be used as a tachometer. The circuit is basically a frequency to current converter which converts the incoming signal into a proportional current to drive the meter. The deflection on the ammeter will be proportional to the....
A multivibrator is an electronic circuit used to implement a variety of simple two-state systems such as light emitting diodes, timers and flip-flops. The monostable multivibrator will create a condition: in which one of the states is stabl....
A simple low cost Infrared LED speedometer is described that can be fitted to a skateboard, longboard or even a bicycle to measure speed. Notes on building, setting-up and calibration are given. When used with a low cost data logger continuous measurements....
On the amplifier circuit using ic STK, the same as my previous posting. However, in the above circuit has 2 inputs and 2 outputs, or commonly called a stereo amplifier. This issue of power amplifier 2 x 18Watt and has impedance 8. To stress that it takes....
Why are four legs connected to the green LED and two to the amber LED in the 4017 traffic light circuit Shouldn`t it be able to do with only one leg per LED Each output is consecutively active for the same time. By wired-OR-ing outputs you can create longer....
Attention! This strobe light circuit is connected to 220V, so measurements and experiments are very dangerous even after unplugging it from the mains. P1 p....
The white LEDs have different voltage and current requirements so they will need different resistors. So I`ll begin with a parts list: It`s the same idea as before, only the white LEDs are shaped differently because they have their own heatsink that they are....
The circuit described here is of an economical smooth variable power supply which offers 0V to 24V. It provides all controls and short circuit....
This is a chapter that was cut from Applied Robotics 2 because of space issues. It discusses motor control issues in general and then moves on to build a 5-amp motor driver. The principles involved can be applied to much larger motor controllers. Though it....
The device we then build will function as a metal detector that can scout out metal objects, such as coins, nails, keys such as car keys you may not be able to find, and even gold if you`re looking for in a beach (though this one may not have industrial....
This is the simple basic design of servo motor controller with pulse generator. It uses the CMOS IC 7555 in the Astable mode to generate pulses to drive th....
This digital-to-analog converter (DAC) integrated circuit is designed for lowest noise performance, both radiated and conducted noise. A recommendedconnection diagram for the ADV7123 is shown in the following schematic diagram. According tothe ADV7123....
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If the green LED is on, the slave MCU is enabled. The MAX690 keeps the memory contents during power off. No resouces of the slave MCU are used. Wenn a SAB-C515 is used, it is possible to develop programs for the AT89-family easily by changing simply the port....
Switching power supply whose output voltage is appreciably lower than its input voltage has an interesting property: the current drawn by it is smaller than its output current. However, the input power (UI) is, of course, greater than the output power. There....
This is the circuit diagram of the simplest single chip AM radio. The circuit is designed around the IC ZN414Z which is a ten transistor tuned radio frequency receiver. The IC has only three leads and is available in the TO92 package. All necessary circuits....
These two resistors have two functions. One, if I touch the circuit by accident, they limit the current to a lower value. Two, when the flash fires, the main capacitor looks like a short circuit to the power supply. These two resistors limit the short....
Here is a circuit diagram of car stereo. Below is a circuit diagram of class B 15 Watts audio amplifier is designed using a dual op-amp and transistor. The 15 W class B audio amplifier circuit shown here is a simple class B audio amplifier based onLM833 op. ..
The allowable reduction in system performance. For a fire control radar, the acceptable degradation is usually expressed as a reduction in range; for example, the maximum lock-on range might be degraded by 25 percent without loss of essential defense....
