Popular Circuits Page 101
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This inverter circuit works with a transistor and transformer and other components to increase the voltage becomes high. Input supply voltage ranging from 3V to 6V DC, later it was raised to high voltage AC. However, in this inverter circuit output current....
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This circuit emits a beep and/or illuminates a LED when someone touches the door-handle from the outside. The alarm will sound until the circuit will be switched-off. The entire circuit is enclosed in a small plastic or wooden box and should be hanged-up to....
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Which switch mode power supply (SMPS) topology should one start with IMHO although the schematic of a full-bridge looks a bit complicated compared to push-pull and half-bridge designs, sticking straight to a full-bridge topology or its smaller version, the....
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This is high quality Preamplifier circuit with built-in USB DAC for my power amplifier Leachamp. Schematics is from datasheet of PCM2902. Circuit includes DAC and ADC, SPDIF output and input and HID part with 3 buttons for MUTE, VOL + and VOL-. For high....
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The following circuit shows about High Voltage, Low Current Supply. Feature: Used for (biasing of gas-discharge tubes, radiation detectors, etc), ....
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Hardware implementations of spiking neurons can be extremely useful for a large variety of applications, ranging from high-speed modeling of large-scale neural systems to real-time behaving systems, to bidirectional brain machine interfaces. The specific....
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These circuits provide overvoltage protection in case of voltage regulator failure or application of an external voltage. Intended to be used with a supply offering some form of short circuit protection, either foldback, current limiting, or a simple fuse.....
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Digital filters are incredibly powerful, but easy to use. In fact, this is one of the main reasons that DSP has become so popular. As an example, suppose we need a low-pass filter at 1 kHz. This could be carried out in analog electronics with the following....
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A 100 second delayed turn ON relay RL1 switch, if plug power +12V in circuit. In Fig. 2 see a two range 6-60 second and 1-10 minute auto turn off relay timer circuit, with 555...
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Tones (from the DTMF) on the telephone line are detected by Ul. When a valid tone is received, pin 14 (D..
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My circuit adds a transistor, to add feedback, and two resistors, to tailor the range of the control, with the result that a single-turn potentiometer gives a control range of about 2 to 30 microamps. I installed my circuit in a small plastic box, and....
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This is an electronic muscle stimulator circuit that stimulates nerves of that part of your body where electrodes are attached. It is useful to relieve hea....
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Most, if not all, recent cars have an impressive amount of electronics, whether it be ABS brake systems, engine control with injection calculators, airbag activation, or other various functions, called comfort functions. Among them is one which we tend to....
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A small circuit that can find a lot applications of measurement time. She has the possibility us inform with sound signal from the BZ1. At the same time, exist the possibility drive a external circuit via the optocoupler IC2, after we connect the applicable....
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Typical solutions for vertical movement of probe of bed profiling devices (guide wheels, dumpers, brakes, backlash and vibration suppressors not shown). Figure 7. Pictorial description of a complete mechanism for vertical motion of a bed profiler; the....
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By AC 220V step-down transformer Lu. Former -q diode bridge rectifier, filter capacitor C becomes a straight stream. The DC voltage varies with fluctuations in the grid. R.. Ri..
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IC1D is a CMOS Schmitt trigger oscillator at about 2KHz. It starts and continues to oscillate with a supply down to 1.24V (the lowest output voltage of my LM317 variable power supply) or less. IC1A is an inverter. IC1B is a Schmitt trigger NAND gate. Its....
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At a predetermined level of declining terminal voltage, the circuit disconnects the battery from the load ..
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In the Knight Rider circuit, the 555 is wired as an oscillator (Astable mode). The output of the 555 is directly connected to the input of a 4017 decade counter. The input of the 4017 counter is called the CLOCK line. The 10 outputs Q0 to Q9 become active,....
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One of more advanced PCB manufacturing methods is exposing laminate copper boards covered by photo resistive layer through mask. Using UV light in manufacturing PCBa‚¬ s has many benefits according to other methods: you can get thin tracks like 0. 2mm. You....
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The goal of such a machine (called an electrocardiograph, or ECG ) is to amplify, measure, and record the natural electrical potential created by the heart. Note that cardiac electrical signals are different than heart sounds, which are listened to with a....
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The so-called soft start, refers to a circuit power, the output voltage through a startup process to a slower rate of increase to a given value, in order to protect not want to have surges of the load circuit. It can output voltage 24V, current 2A...
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That RF Amplifier is for boosting small fm transmitters and bugs. It use two Philips 2N4427 and its power is about 1Watt. At the output you can drive any linear with BGY133 or BLY87 and so on. Its power supply has to give 500mA current at 12 Volts. More....
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This circuit is a powerful video sender in VHF band. The modulator section is designed to operate on either channels 7 to 13 or 14 to 29. For channels 7 to 13, L1 and L2 are 3 turns of #22 wire wound on a 3/16 inch form. For channels 14 to 29, L1 and L2 are....
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The clock shows time in 5 minute intervals. The hour and minute can be set. There is no alarm or any AM/PM indicator. For the clock face I used a 2 pieces of lenolium glued together to increase thickness. (A couple of floor tiles would work as well. ) The....
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Finally I have found a use for a bunch of DIP-style RF relays I acquired in a grab-bag from a discount electronics shop some time ago. These babies are sealed totally, and rf shielded with low contact capacitance. Perfect for VHF frequencies. They are 12....
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Connect serial cable with serial port and if you are using USB to TTL or RS232 or serial converter then plug it to the USB port. Now after this short pin Tx with Rx or pin TxD with RxD using any wire like jumper wire on other side. Now open serial port....
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This smartcard adapter follow exactly the specification ISO 7816. Also, the protocol is the "asynchronous half duplex T=0 protocol" with "active low reset" and "inverse convention" as defined in this standard.
The following description may be used in order....
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This Project Automatic Room Light Controller with Visitor Counter using Microcontroller is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of controlling the room lights as well us counting number of persons/ visitors in the room very accurately. When somebody....
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The machine model, commonly used for ESD testing in Japan, is a more severe ESD test. This model simulates metallic contact between the device under test and a charged body. The source capacitor is 200pF with no limiting resistor. The higher source....
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This accurate one-pulse-per-second clock is made with a few common parts and driven from a 50 or 60 Hertz mains supply but with no direct connection to it. A beep or metronome-like click and/or a visible flash, will beat the one-second time and can be useful....
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The filter should provide adjustable gain to maximize SNR at the audio processor's first stage. The filter's frequency response should also include a notch at 19 kHz to achieve maximum attenuation at the FM-subcarrier pilot-tone frequency and thus minimize....
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The RF oscillator using the inverter N2 and 10.7Mhz ceramic filter is driving the parallel combination of N4 to N6 through N3.Since these inverters are in parallel the output impedance will be low so that it can directly drive an aerial of 1/4th wavelength.....
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In this circuit I have used a Rotary Switch to select Various Current ranges as a Potentiometer is not very practical for the lower resistance/High Current Ranges. But if you wish to change it to a pot, you can try it. * It is practical to use a pot on the....
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The SCHAER+ programmer is a programmer for PIC18 family from a PC parallel port (LPT). It is derivated from the SCHAER programmer I used to download my projects in PIC1684. The SCHAER+ programmer should be improved to use a USB connection, without any....
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This little project was inspired by the Availabot from Schulze and Webb ( ). The Availabot is a puppet guy that rises to its feet when a friend comes online on IM, and falls over when the friend disappears. It`s a cool little toy, but it has 3 shortcomings:....
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As shown in the picture, when the output current exceeds 40mA the internal resistance 50? in the XTR110 (R9) should be replaced by external resistance REXT. REXT is connected between the 13 foot and 16 foot. REXY=R9(original span/required span). For example,....
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Simple and low cost. The optimal supply voltage is around 50V, but this amp work from 30 to 60V. The maximal input voltage is around 0.8 - 1V. As you can see, in this design the components have a big tolerance, so you can build it almost of the components,....
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The project was originally intended as a present for my brothers dorm room, but a bad capacitor and the lack of a proper oscilloscope caused delays. It has not made it off the breadboard, and it probably will not until his next semester. The circuit contains....
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LT3466 is a dual full function step-up DC/DC converter specifically designed to drive up to 20 White LEDs (10 in series per converter) with a constant current. Series connection of the LEDs provides identical LED currents resulting in uniform brightness and....
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As applied to a concrete circuit relay. Transistor VT is high-speed, high- voltage switch is. Switch voltage requirement is 5-10 times the rated voltage solenoid valve. Fast re..
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Preamplifier circuit provides the proper loading for phono cartridges reluctance. This provides about 25 dB at 1 kHz gain (2.2 mV to 100 mV input output), features of S N/N ratio better than -70 dB (referenced to 10 mV input at 1 kHz) and has a dynamic range....
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Darlington connection-type transistor is used for the drive of the coil. As for the Darlington connection, 2 stages of transistors are connected inside in series. The "hfe" of this transistor is the multiplication of the "hfe" of each transistor inside. In....
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The simple conjuring trick in Figure 1 is intended to provide some enjoyment for the beginner in electronics or conjuring, and should take only an hour or two to build. The trick works as follows: a wand (with a magnet mounted in one end) must pass in a....
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This FM spy telephone circuit is mounted serial with the phone line. When is signal on the wires this transmitter will radiate airwaves thru the wires which act as antenna. There is no need for batteries because it got his voltage supply from the phone....
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Even in the simplest of tube microphone circuits, there are different approaches to connecting the microphone capsule to the tube. Let`s use a single-sided microphone capsule as our starting point. The capsule behaves as a variable capacitor, changing its....
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The circuit keeps the courtesy light on for 30 seconds after you close the door. The lead from the door switch is removed and connected to the 555 circuit. The 555 is arranged in a monostable mode, and is triggered by the door switches. The output drives....
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Accelerate the role of capacitance To reduce the delay of the waveform, in parallel to the signal input resistor RK a speed-up capacitor CK, so that the pulse edge sharpened, c..
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One PIC to act as a keypad driver though plus some primitive stuff to tie them together (when the time runs out disable the keypad and beep, when the correct button is pressed increment the score counter and regenerate). The random number generator is really....
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Beeps when hears your whistle
A gadget suitable for key-holders, games etc. These devices contained a special purpose IC and therefore were not suited to home construction. The present circuit is designed around a general purpose hex-inverter CMos IC and,....
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A simple schematic detailing a 15Hz zapper with correct component values....
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This simple circuit will energize and de-energize a relay at the push of a button. Pushing the button once - will energize the relay. And pushing it a second time - will de-energize the relay. The accompanying Circuit offers a good introduction to the....
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The UTP Cable Tester can be used for many purposes. Mainly to test a UTP network cables of course. However it can also be used to find the right cable in a large bundle of identical looking cables. In fact the circuit can be used or adapted to test any type....
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This is a Driving Relay circuit using 555 IC. The circuit is used to drive a relay to avoid 555 hangs up, it uses an inductive feedback. The coil is prevented....
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Inexpensive frequency counter/tachometer. This circuit uses a 556 dual timer to generate the gating, not-store and not-reset signals for a ICM7217 counter. One timer is an astable multivibrator using RA, RB and C to provide an output that is positive for....
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This illustrates another application in which the hookup versatility of a sample-and-hold often elimi nates the need for a separate op amp and a sampleand- hold module. ..
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After repairing a couple of Hewlett Packard vacuum tube voltmeters, I read up on some of the company history. I was able to locate a HP-200C oscillator. This HP-200C is very close in design to the company`s initial product. It is a Wien bridge....
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Here is the latest and greatly improved TX200 VFO/VCO FM transmitter. The most versatile transmitter to date that can be turned into high fidelity stereo PLL based 200mW FM transmitter. It is a perfect circuit for transmitting your music around the house and....
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Circuit shown in Figure 3-22. Figure, KMi and SBi are forward contacts and forward buttons, KMz and SB2 are reverse contactors and reverse button, SB3 for the stop button. ..
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The purpose of this lab is to implement a decimal counter which counts from 0 to 99. You will have to write a C program for the 80X51 micro-controller. You will then compile your C program using C51 compiler and burn it unto an 8051 stand alone chip. You....
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A small power amplifier, but with very good quality of sound. It combines a completed very good quality (NE5534), that has the possibility of control of low loads, high speed, low distortion and two transistors of technology v-mosfet in the exit....
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This is a single channel (on / off) universal switch that may be used with any Infra Red remote control that uses wavelengths between 850-950nm....
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Many RS-485 and RS-422 networks require isolation for safety, noise reduction, or ground loop elimination. A conventional circuit is shown in Figure 1. Unfortunately, optocoupler isolation is slow, complicated, and unreliable. Although RTS does not require....
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A chopper circuit shown in FIG. The circuit uses a high-performance op amp device MC33171 constitute trap. The device has a wide band and a high conversion rate. In the illustr..
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The first part of this article series discusses commonly known definitions most crucial for high-speed data converters (in this case analog-to-digital converter or short ADCs) used in communications, instrumentation and data acquisition applications. The....
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Circuit shown in Figure 3-171. The figure, the auxiliary power supply is single-phase AC power, the single-phase half-wave controlled bridge (diode VD7, VD8 and thyristor vl, V..
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Pulse Generator kit will generate a frequency in KHz which can form a good test gear project. This kit is based on the classic LM555 timer IC. Input - 12 VDC Max @ 40 mA. Range - jumper selectable and preset tunable range of 1 Hz to 180 KHz. Power-On LED....
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It has an audio transformer. I`m still attempting to grasp the concept of impedance and such, so can someone explain why this is necessary And how would such a transformer even work to change the impedance What would be the difference if you didn`t use an....
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The Spartan-6 board has 2-channel 12 Bit SPI ADC, indicated as in Figure. As you know in synchronous serial communication there is a clock line (SCK in case of SPI) which synchronizes the transfer. The clock is always controlled by the MASTER. In our case....
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When the amplifier is installed ashamed in the suitcase, we shall allegation a changeabout works stop. The LA47536 possesses a activity bend by in it pin4. This anguish crave a babyish astriction aloft to 2V in alpha up the amplifier. Transistor Q1 and Q2....
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V1 and V2 are 12AX7 dual triodes. Each half of V1 is wired as a Class A voltage amplifier in a configuration known as Common Cathode. By comparison, both halves of V2 are wired together in the Cathode Follower configuration for current gain. Don ’t freak....
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This circuit uses a Cmos 4017. The 4017 is a decade counter. The count starts at zero. And it advances by one - each time pin 14 is taken high. When the count reaches nine - it goes back to zero - and starts all over again. = As the count progresses - each....
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The output frequency of the VCO, U1, varies inversely with the input voltage. With a 1 "V input, the oscillator output frequency is about 1500 Hz; with a 5-V input, the output frequency drops to around 300 Hz. The output frequency range of U1 can be....
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On the rise of the second clock cycle, output "0" goes LOW and output "1" goes HIGH. This process continues across the tenoutputs and cycles to output "0" on the eleventh cycle...
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The two input boards ( ADCV or digital ) get connected to AD_CTL1, AD_DATA1, AD_SUP5V_1, AD_SUP3V3_1 for the first board and the same names with suffix 2 for the second board. To transfer the sampling data, the 16 digital data lines from the two input boards....
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Capacitor CI charges through resistor Rl, and when the gate level established by potentiometer R2 is high enou..
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This house FM transmitter for your stereo or any other amplifier provides a good signal strength up to a distance of 500 meters with a power output of about 200 mW. It works off a 9V battery. The audio-frequency modulation stage is built around transistor....
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The circuit above above makes use of the CMOS 4017 decade counter IC. Each depression of a switch steps the output through 0 - 9. By coupling the output via an AND gate to the next IC, a predefined code has to be input to create the output. Each PBS switch....
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The prototype circuit board used an external LCD display that received commands via an RS-232 interface. Although it worked well programming it was cumbersome. For this reason the circuit board was revised so that it would support a directly attached LCD....
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Using this circuit you can convert the 12V dc in to the 220V Ac. In this circuit 4047 is use to generate the square wave of 50hz and amplify the current and then amplify the voltage by using the step transformer. The basic formula is P=VI and between input....
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The medical ultrasonic atomizer circuit is composed of power supply circuit, ultrasonic oscillator and atomizer circuit, it is shown in the figure 9-110. The power supply circuit is made of timer Q, fuse FU, current transformer T, bridge rectifiers UR,....
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Noise, in amplifier circuit, is generated intrinsically by each components inside the circuit. Resistor, capacitor, and semiconductor generate noises. By....
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When an antenna is attached, (or even if not, in the presence of a strong RF field) the field strength meter has a moving coil meter to indicate relative field strength. The box holds a Schottky diode detector, a DC amplifier, and a meter display. If the....
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The supply generates a low voltage (<18 Volt) low current 3 phase sinosoidal waveform. This waveform is used to switch high power MOSFETs on and off producing a 3 phase high current square wave output. Yes. yes you`ll get all sorts of harmonics and noise....
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A classic circuit of regulation of tone of three way, with which we can regulate low, mid and high frequencies, of acoustic signal. The boost/cut can be regulated in the range of ± 18 dB/oct. In the circuit the supply is ± 15V, but can be also supplied with....
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The first time you sign into developerWorks, a profile is created for you. Select information in your profile (name, country/region, and company) is displayed to the public and will accompany any content you post. You may update your IBM account at any time.....
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This is a phantom-powered FET preamplifier built into a 1/4" guitar cable, similar to the one on the Tillman site. There are only a couple of parts to the amplifier, so the difficulty was being able to trim and solder component leads to fit within the space....
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IC 555, Light Alarm (Sun Up Alarm) , This circuit designed to sound a loud alarm at the break of the dawn especially for those wh cannot wake up even with an alarm clock. Circuit can be modifi...
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Here is the circuit diagram of a passive DX bass circuit that can be used with almost all audio amplifiers. This circuit is designed by Mr. Emmanuel Chipula ( emmanuel@windowshoppingmalawi. com ) from Malawi and was sent to us for publication. We tested this....
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A oscilloscope would be useful in analyzing the waveforms produced by this circuit, but it is not essential. An audio detector is a very useful piece of test equipment for this experiment, especially if you don`t have an oscilloscope. The "555" integrated....