Popular Circuits Page 126
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The basic charging circuit produces in excess of 500V+, depending on the inductor used, leakage of various components, etcetera. The current output is limited by a 10Mohm resistor, which keeps short-circuit current under ~60uA. Thus this is a relatively safe....
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This opamp is available for only a few pounds. The AD8099 is a very fast opamp (1600 V/ms) and has high-impedance inputs with low input capacitance. The bandwidth of the opamp is so largethat at 100 MHz it still has a gain of nearly 40. This means that this....
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The chips include an ATmega88 as the main controller, an AD9280 ADC, an LM6134 high-speed quad op-amp, an LM1881 video sync separator, a 74HC4066 as a simple analog switch, and an RS-232-level converter. LM1881 Video sync separator extracts timing....
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This circuit was constructed to control the pump in a garden pond, so that it automatically turns on at dawn and off again at dusk. Not only does this mean that we don`t have to get cold and wet when turning the pump on or off manually but it`s also one less....
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The schematic for the board can be seen below. The three main elements of the board are (1) the power input and voltage regulation, (2) the L297 input and outputs and (3) the L298 stepper motor control circuit. While the motor is powered by a raw +12v input,....
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Four-wire ballast connection of fluorescent There are four lead wires in four-wire ballast, including main and auxiliary coils. The connection of two lead wires in main coil is the same with second-line ballast, both of them connect between the lamp and....
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The problem with sound cards is that they bandpass their input signals. So, if you are wanting to record any signals below 20Hz or so, you are out of luck, ordinarily. There are two solutions to this problem that I have found. The first, is that if you are....
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Use the Microchip C18 compiler to be based around my latest USB framework libraries for both the PIC and Windows. This should provide a smoother path from this basic tutorial to more complex projects. As always I welcome your feedback and suggestions over in....
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Several integrated high-side current-sense amplifiers, such as the MAX4172 (Maxim Integrated Products, www.maxim-ic.com), make it easy to measure the current from a positive power supply. With a couple of resistors, these devices provide a ground-referenced....
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The MK-219 is a popular large-diaphragm condenser, designed and produced in JSC Oktava`s factory in Tula, Russia. Since its release (in the West) in 1994, it has had a reputation of offering a great value for the price, which at the time was over $500. These....
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The Geiger tube needs a high voltage sup-ply which consists of Q1 and its associated components. The transformer is connected in reverse; the secondary is connected as a Hartley oscillator, and RI provides base bias. Dl, D2, C4, and C5 comprise avoltage....
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This is an experimental work to monitor a spectrum pattern of radio band, and is a continuous project from Audio Spectrum Monitor. To analyze the spectrum of an input signal, I chose an Atmel`s AVR microcontroller used in Audio Spectrum Monitor to process....
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Circuit with the original m rJ bamboo is also exactly the same way. Trl lose. the secondary disk sV flood-what I guanidine by day. t love grass-flow filter for a light 4Pl iU p..
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Nissan Sentra 1.6 Liter Manual Transmission Starter Circuit Wiring Diagram...
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This circuit operate between 150 to 165 Mhz. The Crystals I use Are The Digi-Key Electronics Barrel Crystals CA-301 Type which cost a couple of bucks per crystal. Virtually any Fundamental Crystal between 14 and 17 Mhz will output a frequency of between 140....
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Photo-diode can be used for high speed digital transmission, but you have to provide high speed signal conditioner for that purpose. The amplifier circuit....
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Many embedded-microcontroller applications require generation of analog signals. An integrated or stand-alone DAC fills the role. However, you can often use PWM signals for generating the required analog signals. You can use PWM signals to create both dc and....
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simple quiz display is made from two TTL 7445 and 7420 ic.indicate which switch is pressed first with circuit diagram.various interesting and verified game project...
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Each and every time a phone on the same line or calling numberis taken off-hook, the circuit will be activated to control an external electronic circuit. If several extension telephones are used on one phone line, the circuit can be useful as a busy....
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This circuit switches a tape recorder via PL2. When on-hook, D5 conducts, turns on Ql, and cuts off Q..
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Very little extra circuitry is needed to do both forword and backword walking sequences along with a few other tricks. The PIC16F818 has a lot of features that work well in this situation. As you can see from the Schematic and Source Listing, position....
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PPMC external UChl 5804 shows four-phase stepping motor drive IC is shown moving down. It uses the P-OUT, ccw / cw and HOLD output. Use UCN5804 9 and 10 pin logic level can..
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This example demonstrates one techinque for calibrating sensor input. The Arduino takes sensor readings for five seconds during the startup, and tracks the highest and lowest values it gets. These sensor readings during the first five seconds of the sketch....
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This timer circuit can be used to switch OFF a particular device after around 35 minutes. The circuit can be used to switch OFF devices like radio, TV, fan, pump etc after a preset time of 35 minutes. Such a circuit can surely save a lot of power. The....
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The cost of electricity around the world has steadily been rising for over the past 40 years. With the exception of a few periods of flat rates and a handful of minor downwards, the cost of electricity has risen almost every year since 1970. There are a....
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A single transistor makes a simple phase shift oscillator. The output is a sine wave with distortion of about 104. The sine wave purity can be increased by putting a variable resistor (25 ohms) in the emitter lead of Q1 (x). The resistor is adjusted so the....
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The XR-T6425 Speakerphone IC makes it possible to carry on conversation without using the handset, while the user is talking into a microphone and listening from a loudspeaker. It is ideal for hands-free conference calls. ..
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This unit employs a dual trace oscilloscope with X-Y function as a display to test and demonstrate the action of circuits and components such as transistors, diodes, zener diodes, and terminated and unterminated transformers. A low frequency sinewave (ie....
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Here is a simple fire alarm circuit based on a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and lamp pair for sensing the fire. The alarm works by sensing the smoke produced during fire. The circuit produces an audible alarm when the fire breaks out with smoke. When there....
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Mechanical contacts have the disadvantage that they wear out. That is why it is practical to use an electronic touch switch` in some situations. With such a touch switch the resistance of the human skin is used for the switching action. The schematic shows....
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This circuit receives the signal from the above amplifier and launches powerful 1uS infrared light pulses from a low cost LED that are frequency modulated by the audio information. The 10KHz center frequency of the pulse stream is low enough so a standard....
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This is flashing lamp circuit. This circuit operate with 6V power supply. You can fix this circuit for your bick or for your car. Here I have used common transsistor 2N3904...
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This circuit adds a datasheet-compliant trigger signal, reversed polarity protection, optional test button, and optional battery operation. U1 L601E3 or MAC97A8 triac. 400 V, 1 A. When U1 is enabled, the + and - wires of the flash are electrically connected,....
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This circuit will convert four-bit BCD into a variable voltage from 0-9 V in 1 V steps. The SN74141 is a Nixie driver, and has ten open-collector outputs. These are used to ground a selected point in the divider chain determined by the BCD code at the input,....
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The proximity detector senses the passing of the PC board pieces as the wheel rotates, providing an output signal, which has a clean transition between high and low voltage levels, and is ideal for triggering counting or processing circuits. Next is the....
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As shown in the figure, the temperature detection, temperature-voltage switch and voltage-frequency switch circuit is used to remote detect temperature. We connect the circuit and wireless transmitting circuit forming a temperature detection remote control....
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When a keypad switch is pressed - this circuit will reproduce its value in Binary Coded Decimal from. I`ve used a 12-key pad. But it may be expanded to 16 keys - to provide Hexadecimal to BCD conversion. The circuit is constructed in two parts. There`s a....
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Artificial hatching or breeding tropical fish, while watching the fish pond need to configure add oxygen pump and circulating pump. Plus oxygen pump and circulating pump long-t..
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Preamplifier VE1 the machine with low muscle low R double triode 6N6 (left and right audio channels each with its half). Working state design in the CPI. Promote ..
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Acrylic Plastic, Aluminum Beverage Can, Ammunition, Antilock Brake System, Asphalt Cement, Balloon, Barbed Wire, Baseball Bat, Bathtub, Beeper, etc....
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Color TV main power protection circuit ..
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This design resulted from the need for a partial replacement of the well-known 8038 chip, which is no longer in production and there fore hardly obtainable. An existing design for driving an LVDT sensor (Linear Variable Differential Transformer), where the....
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Here is the circuit diagram of a simple and straight forward 12 V battery charger circuit with diagram. This circuit can be used to charge all type of 12V rechargeable batteries including car batteries and motorcycle batteries...
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The circuit described here counts the number of times that an infrared beam is interrupted. It could be used to count the number of people entering a room, for instance, or how often a ball or another object passes through an opening (handy for playing....
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Voltage variations and power cuts adversely affect various equip- ment such as TVs, VCRs, music systems and refrigerators. This simple circuit will protect the costly equipment from high as well as low voltages and the voltage surges (when power resumes). It....
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When the battery voltage is 7 ~ 12. 6V range, the light emitting diode VLi lights, which light cutting almost unchanged. If the battery voltage falls under 7V VLi beginning red light emitting diode, and a light emitting diode , L2 brightness decreases. ..
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A solar cell radio used a 3V (or two 1.2V) Ni-Cad battery in it. The battery can not be removed. It use a mini jack socket for charging. Its quiet difficult...
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Here is a circuit of a remote control unit which makes use of the radio frequency signals to control various electrical appliances. This remote control unit has 4 channels which can be easily extended to 12. This circuit differs from similar circuits in view....
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The MK50398 is one modern decimal counter up/down of six tens, with control of screen LED of seven segments and flip-flop of storage. Counter it can measure additive and abstractively. The IC MK50398 is ideal for manufacture frequency counter as the....
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Figure 1 is AND gate logic circuit. Its logic expression is P=A, Figure B has 2 photodiodes in series. When input logic level A=1, B=1, output P=1. In a similar way, itcan form Or gate, NAND gate, NOR gate and some other logic circuits. As shown in figure 2,....
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This simple circuit generates narrow pulses at about 700-800Hz frequency. The pulses, containing harmonics up to the MHz region, can be injected into audio or radio-frequency stages of amplifiers, receivers and the like for testing purposes. A high-pitched....
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Half of RL1 and RL2 manipulate the switching and the other is connected to an application. Relays are 200 ohms above ground and at one point are referenced to positive that turns them off. RL1 (which is off) applies plus voltage from its armature and latches....
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In order to obtain a good audio reproduction at different listening levels, a different tone-controls setting should be necessary to suit the well known behaviour of the human ear. In fact, the human ear sensitivity varies in a non-linear manner through the....
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This circuit is designed to operate an electrical door-release mechanism - but it will have other applications. Enter the four-digit code of your choice - and the relay will energize for the period of time set by C4 & R4. Use the relay contacts to power the....
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Resistor R1, capacitor C1, and two converters form a square wave generator, which produces the basic tone. The generator is sui followed by an inverter which serves as both a buffer and a driver for the President. The resistor R2, which has a minimum value....
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Component value sensitivityis extremely critical, as are temperature coefficients and matching of the components. Best performance is attained when perfectly matched components are used and when the gain of the amplifier is unity..
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I`ve been putting in a lot of extra hours at work the last week in anticipation of an editing deadline. Despite this, I thought it was about time that I attempt a little hardware hacking. Even before computers, I was facinated by electronics. I read book....
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This Circuit is a zero crossing detector, which produces an output state change whenever the input crosses the reference input. In this case the reference input is connected to ground. The output of the comparator can easily drive multiple outputs, which can....
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L200 12V Constant Voltage Battery Charger Circuit This battery charger is based on L200 regulator IC. L200 is a five pin adjustable voltage and....
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With this simple temperature to voltage converter circuit we can do a precise measurement of the temperature in a room. A NTC resistor or a thermistor is u....
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A $35 TEACHING AID FOR BASIC ELECTRONICS, AND AN INVALUABLE EXPERIMENTAL SETUP FOR THE ELECTRONICS HOBBYIST. Teaching basic Analog and Digital Electr....
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Colpitts oscillator can be implemented using op-amp as long as we have an op-amp with proper bandwidth. Here is an example of such circuit: LT1190 or LT1191....
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F733 Integrated wideband amplifiers common-emitter group total wideband amplifier internal feedback circuit is small, zoom capability, good circuit stability, is a common ampli..
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Here are photos of a tube unit including an analog multiplier, phase discriminator and a relay control driver (a big relay was inserted in a socket near two potentiometers on the left). Used in ground control gear (don`t ask me - control of what..., all I....
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This circuit uses a 555 timer in the bistable mode. Touching T2 causes the output to go high; D2 conducts and D1 extinguishes. Touching T1 causes the output to go low; D1 conducts and D2 is cut off. The output from pin 3 can also be used to operate other....
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This is a schematic and block diagram of a 2-MHz frequency counter. It uses and LSI counter/display driver, LCD readout, and a few logic chips for timebase and timing pulse circuitry. Q2 and Q3 form a signal (input) amplifier. The circuit contains a crystal....
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In today s blog we re going to examine a bipolar chopper drive, a common method for precision current control in stepper motors....
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This is a walk-through for making and installing a diode kit on a Honda VTX 1800C. This is necessary when you replace incandescent turn signals with LEDs....
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You can make your own 2-meter "rubber duckies" that will likely perform much better than many commercial units. I compared my design with two other "rubber duckies" of the TH215 and ICT7 which outperformed them both. With the "duckie" of the ICT7e as much as....
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Over Voltage Protector is a simple circuit used to protect appliance from over voltage circuit diagram with parts list of over voltage protector various electronics project...
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This project displays how the Nokia 3310 LCD can be interfaced and driven using the PIC16F628 microcontroller. The code is written in Hi-Tech C and the character table is embeded in the source code. The Nokia LCD has 84x48 pixels and is divided to operate in....
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Autonomous vehicles are already in use in many manufacturing facilities, and they are also sold as toys. Perhaps one day, the world`s highways will be filled with cars requiring no user intervention. While we are not there yet, and may never get there, an....
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Converter 12 VDC to 220 VAC is a tool that can convert the DC voltage of 12 volts to 220 volts AC. Circuits converter 12 volt DC to 220V AC in the figure below is an example of a simple converter circuit. Dc to ac converter Circuits can be used to provide....
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Figure C1, C2 is 22pF capacitor connected to 32 MHz .png">crystal oscillator circuit , the use of quartz crystal..
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Digital Camera 5 channel power supply MAX1565 5 shows a digital camera power supply channel MAX1565, seen from the figure, the chip offers a number of road width signal generat..
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After I smashed about 5 mobile phones and collected some white LEDs, I decided to build some some LED searchlight. There are two ways to solve this problem: first, Chinese version, just connect some white LED`s to battery and use some ballast resistor. And....
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This circuit is representative of the many applications of up/down counting in monitoring dimensional position. In the tape recorder application, the LOAD REGISTER, EQUAL, and ZERO outputs are used to control the recorder. To make the recorder stop at a....
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Commutator circuit provides low impedance gate drive to the PN4091 analog switch for both on and off drive conditions..
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Advantages and disadvantages of different power supply technologies as well as the design considerations involved in choosing and evaluating a mains transformer. The pros and cons of external supplies, inrush current control, RF emissions from bridge....
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This circuit is designed to check the condition of lead-acid and gel cell batteries with capacities greater than 20Ah. It switches a load of about 18A at a rate close to 50Hz so that the internal resistance of the battery can be measured using a digital....
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Here is an interesting circuit for a magnetic proximity switch which can be used in various applications.
The magnetic proximity switch circuit, in principle, consists of a reed switch at its heart. When a magnet is brought in the vicinity of the sensor....
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This is not a sophisticated automatic keyer but it is lot QRP to build and to have fun operating it.
When the paddle is connected to the DOT terminal, C1 starts to charge. When C1's charge reaches sufficiently high value, it causes the transistor BC157B....
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Novel timing switch circuit in addition to a general timing circuit "Variable Timing" adjustment function, also has a ..
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This circuit charges two NiCad cells with a constant current and features dual charging rates, voltage cutoff and an audible alarm. The circuit is powered....
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MC3335P use low-power narrowband FM receiver, you can design a very simple 80 m SSB receiver. MC3335 also has a comparator circuit..
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