Popular Circuits Page 49
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This circuit was developed since a number of visitors of this website requested a timer capable of emitting a beep after one, two, three minutes and so on, for jogging purposes. As shown in the Circuit diagram, SW1 is a 1 pole 9 ways Rotary Switch. Setting....
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Designs for solar-powered applications with low-duty-cycle requirements can often rely on capacitors for energy storage in place of less reliable batteries. Typical applications include solar positioning, telemetry transmitters, chemical pumps, data loggers,....
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B is a pure output CL mode power amplifier. Preamp input portion of the circuit does not use mass conventional differential input circuit, instead of using a single-ended input..
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Rsense would cause Q2 to conduct if at a threshold (0. 65V assumably) and Rbias will determine how much it will be limited, however that is unclear to me, especially if Rsense will be somewhere highside and just turning on Q2 with my uC seems to not do....
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This circuit uses the popular and easy to find LM3914 IC. This IC is very simple to drive, needs no voltage regulators (it has a built in voltage regulator) and can be powered from almost every source....
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AM radio shows of the IF amplifier and detector circuit. Mixer from the mixer IF output signal level of the intermediate frequency transformer after the device Ti, is applied t..
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The DUT"s(Device Under Test) cathode, anode, and gate are connected to the unit"s K, A, and G terminals, respectively. Pressing switch ·Sl feeds a gate current to the D UT, which triggers it on. Resistor Rl limits the gate current to the appropriate....
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The purpose of this project was to develop a stepper motor driver for 2-phase unipolar stepper motors that has built in current control. The eventual target project for this driver is for my CNC milling machine that I am currently planning out. This needs a....
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Since we will be opening your VCS and attacking it with a very hot soldering iron, it is possible that you will render your system dead. Neither I, Classicgaming, nor Gamespy are responsible for any damage done to yourself, your Atari, your family, your....
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The following diagram is the Clock Generator circuit diagram which build based on NAND Gate logic IC. You may use IC 7400 or 4011 for this circuit. The 7400 is a TTL type, while 4011 is CMOS type. IC 4011 is cheaper than 7400 but the 7400 is faster than 4011. ..
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preamp circuits use infront an RF oscilator to make an RF transmitter that is very sensitive to sound. A microphone preamp must provide stable gain...
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Ceramic gas sensors can also be used to analyze the content of alcohol vapor. With the corresponding sensor circuit can be detected with a blood alcohol content. Its working pr..
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To generate and maintain the EP, perilymphatic K+ enters fibrocytes (F) via Na+/K+-ATPase and Na-K-Cl cotransporter. Gap junction networks connect fibrocytes to strial basal (SB) and intermediate (SI) cells, allowing ions to enter the intrastrial space via....
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This plugin uses a quartz oscillator which uses a crystal (X1), amongst other components to give a 32, 768Hz (32, 768=215) output. This is input to a 4020 14-Stage Ripple Counter, which divides this signal down by 214 to a 2Hz signal. This 2Hz signal is then....
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The full wave phase control circuit below was found in a RCA power circuits book from 1969. The load is placed in series with the AC line and the four diodes provide a full wave rectified voltage to the anode of a SCR. Two small signal transistors are....
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A medium power amplifier that is characterized by a lot of good sound quality, but simultaneously is very simple in the construction. Him uses, enough time in my active loudspeakers. In his output stage exist the very good FET transistors, technology....
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This circuit switches car headlights to the low beam state when it senses the lights of an on-coming car. The received light is very low level and highly directional, indicating the use of a lens with the detector. A relatively large amount of hysteresis is....
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Some circuits that add binary numbers have problems with time delay caused by carry propagation. This has been ..
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This is yet another circuit for producing DMX output for entertainment lighting from a PC. Designed with flexibility in mind, a range of circuit configurations are possible. Opting for no isolation requires just a PIC microcontroller and a standard RS-485....
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An oscillator, a small power stage, some modulation, and a tiny loop antenna make RF for experiments on at 187.5 kHz on the United States' FCC Part 15 Lowfer band (1600-1750 meters). This is a low power signal source I put together one evening to provide....
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The circuit is based on IC1, an LTC1430 PWM controller. The current-limiting feature of the IC operates by sensing the voltage across the high-side MOSFET and compares it with a threshold voltage developed across R3...
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GTP USB PIC PROGRAMMER (Open Source) This work includes, GTP USB (not plus or lite) . The schematic, photos and PCB have been developed by PICMASTERS based....
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The circuit comprises the power supply which is formed by TR1, Q3, D13, Q1, D9 This supplies both the 12 volt rails and the five volt rails for the micro which i....
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The musical signal`s form does never resemble a square wave. The frequency range perceived by an average adult hardly goes above 17KHz. Hence I do not give a dime to those heated discussions whether it`s appropriate to test audio amplifiers using a 100KHz....
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Some relays will become warm if they remain energized for some time. The circuit shown here will actuate the relay as before but then reduce the ‘hold cu....
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This dc voltage doubler circuit produces a voltage that is twice its voltage supply. This is useful when a higher voltage level is needed out of a single lower voltage power supply. Since the current consumption levels are low in such cases....
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The Circuit is composed of two sections, the light sensing and the power switching. The light sensing part consists of a photo-resistor R4, connected like a voltage divider to R2. Since the resistance of the photo-resistor changes depending on the amount of....
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The basic idea is to turn the motor just a little bit every 15 seconds or so. A monofilament line transmits the motion to the ornament. It gets wound by the motor and slowly unwinds by turning the ornament. The charging path has a 1 megohm resistor in it,....
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The primary advantage of this method of bridging is that no additional components are needed (which means that it is cheap), and there is no signal degradation from additional opamps in the circuit path. The results are at least as good as using an external....
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The high temperature alarm will beep and LED blinks when the temperature of the device increases abnormally. This simple over heat alarm is to monitor heat....
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This article describes the Gadgets Gizmos and Arduino (ATMega328). The content is very simple, very helpful. Components in this article can help you understand better understanding of this article. For example, in this article, you can go to find and buy....
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As shown in FIG grounds PGA203 op amp OPA27 constitute a low noise differential amplifier. The circuit at the input PGA203 plus two op amps OPA27, signals from the two op amps ..
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This variable-frequency, audio bandpass filter is built around two 741 op amps that are connected in cascade. Two 741 op amps are configured as identical RC active filters and are connected in cascade for better selectivity. The filter`s tuning range is....
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The signal sources in the analog output stage of the PC SVGA card see the right impedance - 75 ohms on each line (five resistors), and the input impedances of the transistors are so high that they do not make any significant additional load. The transistors....
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I don`t like motor potentiometers, especially if there are cheap and small attenuators but big motors. But big blue alps like ebay item No....
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"Class A" refers to configuring an amplifier so that its output devices remain turned on all the time. This reduces thermal variation and eliminates crossover distortion, which makes the chip perform better. To bias an op-amp into class A, you simply put a....
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In the circuit below, a quad voltage comparator (LM339) is used as a simple bar graph meter to indicate the charge condition of a 12 volt, lead acid battery. A 5 volt reference voltage is connected to each of the (+) inputs of the four comparators and the....
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I have only been actively involved with garden railroading for a little over one year but have found it to be a wonderful way to use the skills and interests that I have developed over the years in other hobbies. For example, I used my love of woodworking to....
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Well, I have few good uses for it, one of them is ensure in meetings people are respectful of time and are not taking all the time for their own topics. Good for ship-room or SCRUM meetings. Following is a list of parts and for the special ones a link for....
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This circuit uses low-voltage AC to drive a string of 50 or so bi-color LEDs (two LEDs connected in inverse parallel). Power to the LEDs is controlled by the Triac and the two optocouplers which have their photo-transistors effectively connected in....
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Automatic light control circuit lights automatically illuminate the lamp when dark, lights automatically turn off when daybreak. (1) One of the automatic light control circuit ..
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Argon and krypton (rare gas) ion lasers find applications in many diverse fields including (1) very high performance printing, copying, scanning, typesetting, photoplotting, and image generation; (2) forensic medicine, general and ophthalmic surgery; (3)....
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This section will list several projects which will allow you to build your own RF design test equipment. Microwave construction techniques and basic electronic skills will be required on some projects, but the tools you can make will equal what the so-called....
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Voicemail capacility (although not implemented, there are four ADCs that can be used to sample and record the phone audio) A storage volume (SD card) would need to be connected. This project was inspired by these other homemade exchanges: Markus Wandel and....
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This dual astable multivibrator provides versatility not available with single timer circuits. The duty cycle can be adjusted from 5% to 95%. The two outputs provide two phase clock signals often required in digital systems..
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Light flashing circuit. This circuit is the small lamp flashing signal on every 1 second flash rate control by adjusting the lamp voltage R1.The rate is to generate...
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Basically, it is a conventional Colpitt type crystal oscillator but with the output taken from a low value collector load resistor and direct coupling is made into the base of the PNP device used as an amplifier. The result is a circuit even more simple than....
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A high-voltage current-limiting transformer (T1) supplies power to the basic LC tuned circuit. As C1 charges to near the transformer`s maximum output voltage, the spark gap`s air space breaks down, completing the circuit between the inductor and capacitor,....
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This is a simple 30V volt meter using PIC16F676 micro controller with 10-bit ADC (analog to digital converter) and three 7 segment LED displays. You can use this circuit to measure up to 30V DC. The possible applications are on bench power supply or as a....
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If you have an application in which a MOSFET is already used to switch a load, it is relatively easy to add short-circuit or overload protection. Here we make use of the internal resistance RDS(ON), which produces a voltage drop that depends on the amount of....
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This circuit uses the versatile MAX038 function generator. Although in this circuit some of the advanced characteristics of this IC are disabled, you can generate Sine, Triangle, Square waves (adjusting A0 and A1 pins see datasheet on if you want other....
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I used alligator clips to make the circuit and have it working. Then worked on the code and especially on the blinking section to make the LEDs look like they are blinking randomly and not in any order. I used the values read and send by the sensor to....
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A high quality stereo FM transmitter circuit is shown here. The circuit is based on the IC BA1404 from ROHM Semiconductors. BA1404 is a monolithic FM stereo modulator that has built in stereo modulator, FM modulator, RF amplifier circuitries. The FM....
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The LM1036 is a DC controlled tone (bass/treble), volume and balance circuit for stereo applications in car radio, TV and audio systems. An additional control input allows loudness compensation to be simply effected. Four control inputs provide control of....
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I found that my sprite, burdened with an extra electrical load from an electric cooling fan, just barely kept the battery charged. My intended solution to this problem is an electronic voltage regulator; however, it seems obvious that, before changing the....
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The CoolRunner-ii board has external 5v Relay interfacing, indicated as in Figure. ULN2803 is used as a driver for CPLD I/O lines, drivers output connected to relay modules. PTB connector provided for external power supply if needed...
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IR appliances use pulses (control signals) sent over a modulated IR carrier wave. The carrier wave may be modulated at various frequencies, 36-38KHz being the most popular.Some Satellite receivers use even higher frequencies than this. The IR1 remote module....
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Digital Mains Failure / Resumption Alarm use optocoupler and produce sound.circuit diagram with description of digital mains failure various alarm cirucit...
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This is a temperature indication and control system using the AD596/AD597. In this system, AD596/AD597 is used as a closed-loop thermocouple signal conditioner....
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Two transistor oscillator generates pulses at about 500 Hz for step-up by 300-mA filament transformer T1 (Radio Shack 273-1384) to charge storage capacitors C2 and C3, which are 250-V electrolytics. Simultaneously, C4 is charged through R2. After allowing....
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Using just two NAND or inverter gates its possible to build a D type (or toggle`)‚ip-‚op with a push-button input. At power-up the output of gate N2 is at a logical 1`, ensuring that transistor T2 is switched off. When the push-button is pressed the output....
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The current source in the diagram, which react very fast to changes in the input signal, may be used, for instance, in certain measurements. Differential....
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Acoustic check of transistor and diode junctions, Also suitable as continuity tester Short circuits or broken pcb tracks can be easily recognized by means....
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This circuit will allow the brake light was flashing. The default behavior. When the power supply to the circuit, Or tap the brake it. The IC timer IC2 drive current to transistor Q2 and producing oscillator output, pulse signal output at pin 3 to input pin....
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Figure 3-142 for the reel control circuit means. Coiler is used to wound with plastic banding (such as grafting with banding tape) of. The length of plastic tape wound on a pla..
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Due to the amplifier frequency characteristics and impact of parasitic capacitance, to make hundreds of kilohertz to the active filter is very difficult.. On the other hand, si..
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A 555 timer, IC1, drives a 4017 CMOS decade counter. Each of the 4017s first four outputs drives a CA3079 zero-voltage switch. Pin 9 of the CA3079 is used to inhibit output from pin 4, thereby disabling the string of pulses that the IC normally delivers.....
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With the P1 we regulate the intensity of sound. With the P2 we regulate the frequency of reception. Optionally: If you want to check the frequency with your PC it will be supposed you make the following energies: You assemble and the circuit that is in the....
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FM radio circuit is shown by a double-gate MOS field-effect transistor, the high frequency amplifier is a bipolar MOS field effect transistor amplifier consisting of (VTI, VT2)..
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Dew sensor. Dew (condensed moisture) ad- versely affects the normal per- formance of sensitive electronic devices. A low-cost circuit described here can be used to...
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This is example project in which the 8051 is Producing PWM outputs for seperate two channels, The PWM can be used to control the phase angle of SCR or triace for power control of any AC load like Heater Motor Fan, this project can be used as heater power....
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FIG automatically shut down by the circuit is a MOS FET to achieve. When the headset is inserted, the contact off, MOS tube grid connected high, the tube guide pass., feet grou..
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Here are some utility circuits for use with the Ramsey FM10a, and other small FM stereo transmitter kits. This information may be helpful for setting up a micro powered FM radio station. The FM10a and similar kits tend to put out a low quality, broad band....
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useful to make a constant speed motor control. Which means the speed will stay constant despite of load and electric voltage change. Component: ...
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Here`s a simple experiment with LDR and CD4093. This is just a modification of a previous project dark sensor using 2 transistors . In this project, the CD4093 is configured in such a way that whenever you block light falling on LDR, the circuit starts....
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This is a wide band shortwave SW antenna amplifier. The frequency band is 1 to 30 MHz and a medium gain of 15 dB. The input stage is built with MPF102 and....
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The Pearl CH-02 Chorus is a long discontinued pedal with a superb sound. It has 4 knobs: DEPTH, SPEED, TONE and MIX BALANCE. The TONE knob only adjusts the tone of the effect sound and The MIX BALANCE adjusts the mix ratio between the direct and effect....
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This is a simple microphone preamplifer circuit which you can use betw1een your microphone and stereo amplifier. This circuit amplifier microphone suitable for use with normal home stereo amplifier line/CD/aux/tape inputs. This mic preamp can take both....
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The modification I`ve made is based on Steve Chambers SC1 modification and the further improvement by Phil Davis, but does not use the additional parallel port connection. I consider all differences from the original SC1 modification and Phil`s improvement....
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This circuit is permanently plugged into a mains socket and NI-CD batteries are trickle-charged. When a power outage occurs, the lamp automatically illuminates. Instead of illuminating a lamp, an alarm sounder can be chosen.
When power supply is restored,....
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The first idea they was to work with 8.867238 MHz crystal (2 times the color carrier). When I read more about PAL video composite signal creation, I saw that, if you want to product colors entire-in-software you must to create the color-carrier (4.43 MHz),....
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This low-power inverter uses only 9 parts and turns 10 to 16 Vdc into 60-Hz, 115-V square-wave power to operate ac equipment up to 25 W. The first section of the 556 timer chip is wired as an astable oscillator with R2 and C1 setting the frequency. The....
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This project gives you a nice and simple scientific calculator using AVR microcontroller. It has 2 keypads as shown in the circuit diagram and the results are...
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The interface circuit is added between computer standard video signal output terminal and TV. It can enlarge standard 1V(Peak - peak) video signal am to 3V(Peak - peak). Negative feedback circuit is composed of T1 and T2. It has a wide frequency range. The....
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This simple circuit uses NAND Gates to alternately flash two led`s. The two 47uF capacitors determine the flash frequency. It is a good idea to use a decoupling capacitor across the power supply. I made this circuit using the components shown and it worked....
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The electronic circuit is a TV modulator that is really no more than a transmitter. It is a very small transmitter, admittedly, but none the less that is what it is. What does a modulator actually do In general -and this design is no exception to the rule -....