Popular Circuits Page 88
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As shown from the switch contacts, proportional to the speed pulse signal Vi, after the differential is added to IC (1/2 556) trigger side to make the single stabilizing circui..
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The datapath contains registers, an ALU, and an internal system bus. Registers are very fast memory locations that are internal to the CPU and separate from the main system memory. They can be used as "scratch pads" during calculations. The ALU is a....
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Simulate the electric field within a gas filled discharge gap generated by a radio frequency voltage generator. The circuit, provided to me by the experimenters somewhat far away, is given in the second picture below. (Numerical values: $C1 = 22 nF=2. 2cdot....
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This circuit is intended for charging sealed lead-acid batteries with a solar panel in small and portable applications. The customary diode that prevents the battery from discharging through the solar panel has been replaced by a FET-comparator combination.....
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The astable multivibrator mode is the most fundamental mode of operation of the IC 555. In this mode it basically functions like a free running oscillator. If this oscillator rate is reduced sufficiently, can be used for driving LED lights. The wiring at the....
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A dimmer is quite unusual in a caravan or on a boat. Here we describe how you can make one. So if you would like to be able to adjust the mood when you re entertaining friends and acquaintances, then this circuit enables you to do so. Designing a dimmer for....
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An error amplifier is formed from Tr1 and Tr2, wired as a differential amplifier (often called a long-tailed pair - look at those collector leads). One input of this diff. amp is taken from the zener diode which provides a stable 4. 7 volts, the other diff.....
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The LDR is a variable resistor whose resistance decreases with increase in light intensity. When the light falling on an LDR has normal intensity, its Resistance is large enough and the voltage across R is insufficient to trigger the SCR. However, when light....
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This Circuit can be used to jam FM radios in its vicinity. This is a classic single transistor oscillator operating in the VHF region. Working principle of the circuit is very simple and straight forward. Powerful VHF oscillations from the circuit will....
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Trigger circuit routing forms, such as some simple trigger circuit, single-junction transistor trigger circuit, synchronous sine wave trigger circuit, sawtooth transition phase shift (synchronous) trigger circuit, integrated trigger circuit...
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The circuit is a DC to DC converter using a standard 12 VAC center tapped power transformer wired as a blocking oscillator. The circuit is not very efficient but will produce a high voltage usable for low power applications. The input battery voltage is....
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This microcontroller fascinated me a lot because I wanted to see what we can do with an 8-pin microcontroller (out of which 2 pins goes to power supply, so actually just 6-pins are left for I/O). So I thought of making my own learning board for this. In this....
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This instructable will show you how to make an audio modulated plasma speaker using a flyback transformer out of an old CRT display, and the all time....
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(Only shown the R channel, the original reference PCB label) o Figure (a) for the front tone circuit. The RC circuit genus common negative feedback operational amplifier. Microphone signal amplification by VTz after the VR3 fed ici negative input signal is....
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From a high-volume-production point of view of the Design Idea `Test batteries without a voltmeter` (EDN, Nov 9, 2000, pg 167), it is a time-consuming and laborious task to tweak the large number of potentiometers on each of the comparator input references.....
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This type of design can produce a very high amperage current for a faction a second that can used to do some useful work if properly harnessed. The switching device could be a rotating spark gap as used by Nikola Tesla or some high speed electronic device,....
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It should default on when first connected, but if a particular signal goes high for a small amount of time (say, 10 microseconds, ) then it should turn off, and stay off. It`s the "default on" that gives me trouble. The closest I can get is something like....
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Because the recent events in Fukushima, Japan, brought a lot of concern on radiation levels, by popular demand, here is a simple Geiger Muller counter using the Russian tube SI-22G and a single transistor regulated inverter that puts out 400V, as required.....
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Crystal oscillator integrated circuits, namely two 10 MHz and 20 MHz oscillation frequency diagram of the oscillator circuit. ..
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This topic will be locked and display all of the circuits and some photos of the devices being worked on in the Joule Thief topic. This is going to take me a while to do so please be patient. If you feel there is an error, or I need to include something else....
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The 6JS6C tube is a TV Deflection Tube, or "Sweep Tube". Although not meant for transmitting, it exhibits sufficient performance for RF operation through 30 MHz. Each tube can dissipate 30 watts of plate power. The base is a 12-pin socket. There will come a....
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I finally found a very nice universal window based software designed to work with any serial programmers for PIC16F84, i.e., WPicProg16 V1.20, written by Nigel Goodwin. Build this programmer before started experimenting the forthcoming many interesting F84....
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In the ADM666A application note, you can find detailed explanation about this low cost battery charger circuit such as Maximum output voltage, Charge termination voltage calculation, monitoring the battery voltage level, maximizing the circuit efficiency,....
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This page is about an old LM032L LCD module from Hitachi. I found an old one and tried to make it work. The module can display 2 lines with 20 characters each. This page will describe how I got the module to work on a PIC 16F84A microcontroller. First I had....
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This 100 watt linear amplifier may be constructed using two MRF309 transistors in push-pull, requiring only 16 watts drive from 420 to 450 MHz..
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This is my second instructable. I just had a mood of making a digital watch. But wanted to make it a learning process. I already had a sanguino i could have easily used that Atmega644 chip. it would have been more than enough. But i wanted to try burning a....
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This circuit shows how to use an ordinary LED as a light sensor. It makes use of the photovoltaic voltage developed across the LED when it is exposed to l....
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Why would you want to use the Arduino library with another IDE It helps organize your code (especially for large projects), is easier to implement other code not written specifically for Arduino and can be a gateway to more powerful programming tools and....
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This project generates 350V DC and stores the voltage in a large electrolytic. This voltage will not kill you, but will deliver a nasty SHOCK! For this reason, the project has a great benefit. It will teach you to work very carefully on equipment with high....
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Inverter circuit to power EL backlights and fluorescent tubes, so the output is about 127 VAC as he claimed. But I want 1kV or more to make at least 1mm purple plasma as Tesla coil usually produce! (30kV is required to make 1cm length plasma). Therefore i....
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The pulse repetition rate is relatively insensitive to temperature, and power supply voltage and is a linear function of V1N, the modulating voltage. Useful information transfer was obtained in free air ranges of 12 feet (~ 4m). Greater range can also be....
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A TRIAC driver board for use with my reflow toaster oven project, which means mains voltages. IPC-2221 says that U. S. mains voltages require 0. 4mm clearance if coated with solder mask. A few questions: Can I run overlapping tracks on both sides of the....
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For the New Zealand band, see Dimmer (band). A common dual dimmer manufactured by Electronic Theatre Controls (ETC)....
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Using the LT3692 dual current mode PWM step-down DC DC converter circuit with two internal 3. 5A switches can be designed a very simple power supply circuit, that can be used for various electronic circuits applications like : distributed supply regulations....
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This project is influenced by the effort to achieve a security system that can be used in the business, or even very simply at the door of your home. This security system uses the microcontroller of the Arduino Uno system in combination with RFID (radio....
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This is a design for the tracking transmitter of audio tone in FM band frequency. The circuit can be used a signal transmitter or remote control transmitter. The circuit is use only the available components. The range of the transmitter is 100 m in the....
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The traditional restnct1on of constant gainbandwidth products for a voltage amplifier can be overcome by employing feedback around a current amplifier. Two current mirrors, constructed from transistors in a CA3096AE array, effectively turn the LF351 op amp....
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Looking for an efficient USB charger that can operate from a 12V car battery This unit functions at up to 89% efficiency and can charge USB devices at currents up to 525mA. Best of all, it won`t flatten the battery if it`s left permanently connected, as long....
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Another example of application is extended. It uses TA7796 and five external transistor to form a ten -band equalizer circuit, the lowest center frequency of the equalizer for ..
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When the light beam that falls in the CDS photocell is interrupted, transistor (EN3904) conducts thereby triggering SCR1 (CI06) and activating alarm bell. SI resets the SCR. The alarm bell should be a self-interrupting electromechanical type...
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(1) using thyristor incandescent dimming circuit one circuit is shown in Figure 2-66. Figure 2-66 (a) using thyristor half- wave controlled dimmer and dimmer with diode approach. ..
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How to control Christmas Light Displays with a Computer...
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This over/under voltage cut-out will save your costly electrical and electronic appliances from the adverse effects of very high and very low mains voltages. The circuit features auto reset and utilises easily available components. It makes use of the....
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The picture shows the JFET VHF band of super-regenerative receiver circuit, where high discharge tube V1, V2 for the super-regenerative detector tube, IC1 is a low frequency amplifier. Circuit and sensitivity than 1uV, static power consumption less than 10uA...
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All that remains now is for the code to be `, compiled and converted to a HEX file that the PIC can understand. This is achieved easily with the PIC compiler that comes with the PICBASIC package. The PIC is programmed with any of the parallel or serial port....
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After testing the motors I found current draw as high as 1. 3Amps. So I stuck 2 of the SN754410 H-Bridges on top of each other, and then built a heat sink from an aluminum can. Should be OK for 2Amps or more. The heat sink is just the aluminum can bent into....
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A simple white LED driver circuit can be designed using the LM3530 high efficiency white LED driver IC with programmable ambient light sensing capability and I2C compatible interface. LM3530 LED driver can control up to 11 series white LED`s and can be used....
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When the input voltage is 0 the LED glows. The LED stops glowing when the voltage rises to the level determined by R2. Reverse + and - pins to reverse operating mode. To set voltage at which LED goes off, (1) Set 0V at input. (2) Set input voltage at desired....
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In industrial production, flow measurement is to employ the extensive measurement physical quantity. Under special circumstances, when for instance vertical externally positioned installation probes of difficult pipeline such as the oil well, etc. , need to....
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The 8-lead plastic mini-DIP LM3909 IC was developed by National Semiconductor in the mid `seventies of the past century. It was a monolithic oscillator specifically designed to flash Light Emitting Diodes. By using the timing capacitor for voltage boost, it....
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The circuit shown below can be used for measuring frequency or Hz. The IC is very simple to make andutilizesjust a single IC 4033 and a common cathode display as the mainingredients. If higher frequencies in the the order of two or threedigitsare required to....
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It can set delay time according to the voltage Us and resistor R. In the circuit, S1 is the the discharge switch of capacitor C. When the switch S1 is closed, the stored charge on C will be released through S1 to ensure the accuracy of the delay time the....
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1237H-circuit principle shown in Figure 2-122. Its interior has four separate detectors can finish respectively to their inspection tasks. When the circuit is abnormal, it can ..
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This is low voltage high-current ouput, switching dc power supplly wiht input 220 Volts AC, In this circuit, an St2 diac relaxation oscilator, Q3, C1, and the diac, initiates conduction of the output switching transistor Q1, the on time of which is....
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10 Watt Audio Amplifier circuit diagram. This is general purpose 10-W power audio amplifier circuit for medium power amplifier or use a modulation in the AM transmitter. For higher power up to 30 W can be obtained by increasing the voltage and change the....
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This 555 timer circuit below toggles a relay when a button is pressed. Pins 2 and 6, the threshold and trigger inputs, are held at 1/2 the supply voltage by the two 10K resistors. When the output is high, the capacitor charges through the 100K resistor, and....
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Audio test oscillator audio test oscillator circuit, This generally results in a square wave if the frequency of oscillation is low enough relative to the amplifier`s bandwidth Crystal Controlled Oscillator schematic of a low frequency sine wave oscillator....
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Here is the LM383 schematic for an 8 watt audio amplifier. Very easy to build a mini-audio power amplifier. Part Total Qty. Substitutions C1 1 10uf Electrolytic Capacitor C2 1 470uf Electrolytic Capacitor C3 1 0.1uF Disc Capacit....
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This is a rather old project I`ve done around 2005 but was not published on my website until now. The idea of building a torch using a glue stick came to my mind when I realized that an AA battery fits perfectly into the glue stick`s plastic case. To make a....
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Figure 16-40 three-phase rectifier circuit current cutoff feedback circuit. Figure 16-40 (a) use three current transformers; Fig. 16 40 (b) using two connected in open delta se..
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The electronic bagpipe mimics the sound of real instruments. This circuit uses two UJT oscillators and an amplifier (Q3,..
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The AD537 uses its two reference outputs—one fixed at 1 V, the other of which varies with temperature (1 mV per °K). At ..
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A simple light fence security beeper is presented here. This circuit can be used as a door alarm, gate alarm, pathway alarm, etc. Any 12 Volt dc power supply can power the whole circuit. Working of this circuit is straight forward. In standby mode photo....
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Knowing the three operational modes the 555 timer offers, it`s not hard to imagine its many applications in IC circuit designs: Oscillator: The 555 timer can be used as a simple clock pulse generator (up to 1 or 2 MHz) A monostable timer is a one-stable....
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A/D converter circuit can be represented by a simplified circuit shown in Figure 4 is a (bit) parallel type A/D converter circuit, the so-called median is the number of bits in..
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RF is just way too cool not to use in your designs. But if you`re a newbie like me it is difficult to successfully build solid RF transmitters and receivers. When I started out I didn`t realize that the larger breadboard I was working off of was causing a....
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You sometimes need to drive a white LED from one 1.5V battery. Unfortunately, the forward voltage of a white LED is 3 to 4V. So, you would need a dc/dc converter to drive the LED from one battery. Using the simple circuit in Figure 1, you can drive one white....
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Differential amplifier circuit four connection methods and features comparison b b.0 magnification of a single tube of half earnings due anti-common-mode negative feed-effects,..
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Simple frequency limit detectors providing a GO/NO-GO output for use with varying amplitude input signals may be conveniently implemented with the ICL8211/8212. In the application shown, the first ICL8212 is used as a zero-crossing detector. The output....
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The circuit of Figure 1 is designed for portable-power applications that require white LEDs with adjustable, logarithmic dimming levels. The circuit drives as many as four white LEDs from a 3.3V source and adjusts the total LED current from 1 to 106 mA in 64....
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The amount 1. is a block diagram for agenda alarm and agenda thermometer. It consists of 1 temperature sensor, RTC, Microcontroller(PIC), about-face annals, 7-segment and key board. The about-face annals use for aggrandize I/O of CPU becuase it has 13 I/O....
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My CM7777 preamp has failed. I want to determine if the failure is due to the power supply or the preamp itself. Does the power supply output a DC voltage on the ....
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What makes this control unique is its momentum feature, which adds a degree of realism. The circuit will opera..
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This circuit lets an external 12V SLA battery power a camcorder which normally has an inbuilt 7. 2V battery. Such batteries can now be very difficult or expensive to obtain for earlier model camcorders. In essence, the circuit is a standard LM317 adjustable....
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The Universal Serial Bus (USB) has become a popular method of connecting computer peripherals. The original USB 1. 1 specification limited data rates to about 12 Mbits/sec. The updated USB 2. 0 spec increases those rates to up to 480 Mbit/sec. Both versions....
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Audio A/D converter circuit configuration, the circuit CS5333 chip, which is a high-performance 24 bit 96 kHz stereo A/D converter, commonly used in digital products, a microph..
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This circuit was used to produce a variable negative voltage for contrast control of an LCD displa..
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Currently using cookers become a fashion, because fast, clean, pollution, etc., by consumers favorite. Cookers circuit ..
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The project will take the circuit for a 12W power amplifier and develop it into a completed hard-wired unit. This process will require a design cycle and development sequence consisting of analysis, simulation, PC board layout, population of the board,....
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This level liquid sensor electronic circuit diagram is based on a common Ca3410 operational amplifier IC. This level liquid sensor electronic circuit use two plates sensors ( two probes ), one for the high level an one for low level. If the level of the....
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This circuit is useful to detect microwave (gigahertz signal) sources like microwave oven, satellite communication devices, Mobile phones etc. It gives audio visual indications when it detects the Microwaves in the Gigahertz band. Microwave is the form of EM....
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A differential amplifier having input impedance equal to the circuit diagram: ..
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Infrared remote controls are using a 32-56 kHz modulated square wave for communication. These circuits are used to transmit a 1-4 kHz digital signal (OOK modulation) through infra light (this is the maximum attainable speed, 1000-4000 bits per sec). The....
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This Antenna is most widely used all over the world. For example, when you see a police car it has a transmitter with Ground Pole Antenna The body of car serves as ground). It accepts load from 50 ohm source and has larger power output than Half-Wave Dipole....
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This timer was designed for people wanting to get tanned but at the same time wishing to avoid an excessive exposure to sunlight. A Rotary Switch sets the timer according to six classified Photo-types (see table). A Photo resistor extends the preset time....
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This circuit detects when a window is open (it can also be used with a door), indicates that the window is open by means of a red LED or a blinking LED, and emits a loud acoustic signal from an intermittent electronic buzzer to remind you to close the....
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Elecret microphones have a small electret melement and FET amplifier built to same case. Electret microphones needs some power to operate. The power (typically 4-10V) is fed to microphone through resistor (typically 1-10 kohm). The electret microphone....
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Once the mains power supply cuts off, the relay will only be able to turn ON after a period of 150 - 210 secs depending on the tolerance of the RC ....
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MAX8743 chip using laptop chipset power supply circuit It is shown using the MAX8743 chip laptop chipset power supply circuit, the 5v power supply, respectively, after the conversion output +2.5 V and +1.8 V power supply...