Top Circuits Page 239
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The gate-source voltage needed to bias the transistor into the linear region can vary between 0. 25V and 8V, which leaves a good 7. 75V down to a hopeless 0. 4V for the transistor and load if used with a typical NiCad 8. 4V PP3 You`ll have to get more FETs....
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Once packet radio started taking off, the limitations of my first foray into AX25 with the "BSX1" TNC became evident. It supported AX25 version 1 only and was limited in its IO capabilities. The command set was also "non standard" due to the almost universal....
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This thing is a very nifty capacitive sensor. For you europeans, this little gem is used in north america mostly for detecting wooden beams behind drywall or plaster. I`ll take one of these over the new design any day, because these ones don`t error out....
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For any robot to perform the tasks it is assigned, a controller is required. The controller may be mechanical, electrical, electronic or a combination of these. It is the brain of the entire system and gives the robot its intelligence. Additional....
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Most surviving TR-1s no longer work. Many collectors (such as myself) prefer to keep them in "as-manufactured" condition. That way the authenticity is preserved. But at some point, you may be anxious to hear one play. Before you start soldering, ask one....
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This is a project I did during my B. E course. I always wanted to control my lights and other appliances in my room remotely while I`m somewhere else. Many a times I forget to switch off the fan or AC in my room and then I have to go back and switch it off.....
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Because the two amps are the same except for their power sections, we can combine both those questions so that each one helps to explain the other. And when you get a chance to audition the two amplifiers, you`ll be treated to a demonstration of the musical....
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Xbox controller, a rapid fire mod. All it has to do is send a ground signal to one spot really fast. I make this schematic and sell it(an of course use it): What I need is a chip that thinks that that schematic is in it. Dont suggest a 555 timer, because....
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The most they do is seemingly run the code, but with a few I/Os unfunctional. e.g. half the LEDs it drives work, aseemingly random half. I have tried the Microchip suggested slow power-up circuit without success. Seems like it shouldn`t need it, because the....
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Solar/battery powered FSK transmiter regarding power supply section, including battery management. My main goal is to charge battery and supply power to the transmitter over day via solar cells and use battery over night and during low light periods. Since I....
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This is a complete Arduino Uno-compatible standalone system, and will be fully assembled, tested, and programmed before shipping. You may choose one of several TC4 applications to be pre-programmed into the board. If you would like to use the TC4 system, but....
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The extension port has an important role. Depending on the application several extension boards can be put in the socket. Extension boards for LCD and domestic (relays, temperatur and light sensors, opto decoupled inputs) are under development. Sheet 1 shows....
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This article is in the "you can do it too" category. It`s not as difficult as you can imagine for the average model railroader, especially with the information available on the Internet and with articles like this to guide you. I have been looking for a way....
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Unlike almost all SMD resistors, the SMD ceramic capacitors are not marked with their values. To find the value of these capacitors we need a capacitance meter....
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The input signal it is applied to a gate G and then to a counter, for a precisely period of time After this period of time, the input signal it is stopped for a while and then the cycle it is repeated. In the time of break the content of counter it is....
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This is a simple schematic which can be assembled to control a lamp with a Sony TV remote control. Circuit uses a PWM signal connected to photocoupler which isolate the power part from microcontroller. Power part has very interesting solution on how halogen....
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This DS18S20 digital thermometer provides a precision of 0. 5 °C and SCRATCHPAD it`s read at every 800ms. Capacitors C5, C6 and diodes D8, D8 makes a voltage doublers which power the lcd panel. The DS18S20 temperature sensor it`s wrapped in a thermo....
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A transformer ratio-arm bridge circuit is used as shown in the simplified diagram of Figure1. The circuit consists of a standard reference capacitor (CS) and the insula- tion under test (CX). A special multiwinding transformer is the characteristic feature....
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I hook up a tesla pancake coil in series with my bifilar wound coil to generate the resonance and the sharp gradient discharge that creates a vacuum flux. I run the CFL on about. 07amps @12. 42volt + 0. 8694 watts! Around the bifilar pancake coil, I have....
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Extract of another SC article which deals with a simple programmable TCI with nearly the same trigger input circuits than DIY-CDI. Good for us, the trigger circuits are describted in more details than the DIY-CDI article. The DIY-CDI will not only will work....
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If 40 watts RMS from 20Hz to 30KHz +/-1. 5 db sounds good to you, then you might enjoy this experiment. The most significant problem with public address gear is the use of audio output transformers which do not have enough iron in them to handle the lower....
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List of Guitar Fuzz, PreAmp, OpAmp electronic circuits and electronic schematics for a variety of Guitar effects and distortion fx....
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A robot that dances to music. G‚ Wouldn`t it be wicked cool to have a cute little robot on your desk dancing to Fatboy Slim Winamp provides a nice API for writing music visualization plug-ins. G‚ I wrote a plug-in that sends signals to the parallelport that....
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Magnets with a very long coil wound around transform the vibrations of strings into an electric signal. (We are talking about "magnetic" pickups, not "piezo" pickups. ) In 1 Volume/2 Tone or 1 Volume/1 Tone types, the pickups` hot wires go to the selector....
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A Morse key is nothing more than an electrical switch, capable of defining two states- on and off! But within that simplicity lies a lot of scope for artistry, and some Morse keys are truly works of art. I never intended to become a collector, but one thing....
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The following are detailed schematics for the QScreen Controller. The QScreen Controller combines an embedded computer based on the 68HC11 microcontroller with a touch panel and LCD (liquid crystal display) graphic user interface ( GUI ) that is ideal for....
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Control your instrument with a 4x20 LCD display and 4x5 keypad designed for front panel feedback and control....
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A small transmitter board interfaces to a microcontroller and conductivity probe to measure liquid conductance and conductivity. Precise equations and measurements are provided for this microcontroller controlled conductivity meter....
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This Wildcard requires 8 Volts or greater to be present on the V+Raw power rail. The V+Raw rail should not be greater than 26 Volts. If you are using the Docking Panel or Power Dock, the V+Raw rail is connected for you. If you are not using a dock, you will....
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I/O board adds 16-bit resolution Volt Analog inputs, 16-bit resolution volt analog outputs, and 4-20mA current loop transmitter and receiver to microcontroller. Amplifier circuits and schematics are discussed. Signal conditioning variable gain amplifier,....
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The I/O Filter Wildcard provides a convenient place for prototyping analog circuitry or for filtering, conditioning or protecting the I/O lines of other Wildcards. Twenty-four I/O lines can be independently filtered, or their signals can be combined in....
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The Global Positioning System (GPS) relies on more than two dozen GPS satellites orbiting the Earth. Each satellite transmits signals including a very precise clock plus satellite position information that allows a GPS receiver to determine its location,....
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The EtherSmart Wildcard is based on the Lantronix Xport Ethernet device server which is built into an RJ-45 connector housing. The XPort exchanges data via a serial UART -USART interface, while the Wildcard bus is a parallel interface. A UART (Universal....
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Embedded I/O board provides isolated high voltage switch inputs and eight high current high voltage DC outputs using optically isolated, open drain N-MOSFET transistors as solid state relays (SSR) for controlling resistive or inductive loads, including....
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PWM pulse width modulation controller board allows 9S12/HCS12 microcontroller or PIC microcontrollers to output 8 channels at 5 DC amps each with current sensing of the PWM waveform. PWM driver circuit for valves, PWM motor driver, solenoids, PWM heaters or....
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This page provides soft power switch circuits for toggling electronic devices ON and OFF with a momentary button press that controls a latching high-side MOSFET power switch. Several micropower latching switch circuits are provided. Owing to their low....
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This video is a demonstration of reading an analog voltage, computing data, and controlling LEDs. I am using a Sharp GP2D12 Infrared (IR) sensor. More information about sharp distance sensors. The PDQ board connects to your host PC via a serial cable,....
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Ground loop offset errors and ground noise are removed by a differential amplifier or instrumentation amplifier prior to A/D analog to digital conversion. The differential input amplifier mitigates ground loop errors. Precision measurement of non-isolated....
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The Raspberry Pi provides general purpose digital input/output pins (called GPIO pins) that you can use for reading digital logic signals or for outputting digital logic levels. The outputs do not have much current capability, but you can drive LEDs or....
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It would be convenient to use momentary contact push button switch to turn ON and turn OFF your Raspberry Pi (RPi). A press of button should apply power to micro USB header, and keep it ON while Raspberry Pi initializes and starts its application....
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For maximum efficiency, set MAX_STEPPERS equal to the number of stepper motors that you are controlling (but never more than 4). Motors are referred to by their indices 0, 1, 2 and 3. On the QCard there is a trade-off between the number of motors being....
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Interfacing the LM335A temperature sensor to A/D converters, measuring temperature with LM35 LM335A sensor and the 9S12 HCS12 MCU, calibrated and uncalibrated temperature errors of IC temperature sensors....
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RTD sensors are measured with a precision 24-bit A/D (analog to digital converter) with built-in programmable gain amplifier. Connections for 2-wire RTDs, 3-wire RTDs, and 4-wire RTDs are shown. Connecting and measuring RTDs with amplifiers and data....
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Filtering thermocouple wires assures highly accurate temperature measurement, preventing thermocouple noise pickup, decoupling thermocouple signals, reducing thermocouple measurement error, thermocouple noise filter circuit reduces thermocouple error....
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The QCard Controller Single Board Computer ( SBC ) contains the Freescale 68HC11 microcontroller, RAM and Flash memory, digital input-output ( I/O ), and A/D. For more complete information about the QCard headers listed on this page, please see Getting to....
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The National Semiconductor`s Overture series of integrated circuit (IC) audio amplifiers owes its rise to `fame and glory` to a relatively big success of the 47 Laboratory`s Gaincard amplifier, based on the LM3875 chip from the National Semiconductor. Due to....
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Just an early post to share some work on remote controlling the PXA-70x Multimedia controllers. Target For my new install, I have been looking at no....
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I don`t the right place to post this but I`ll try my luck here: I`m looking to build a timer for a pump. I want the pump to run for 5 minutes, then....
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Hello, I am going to try some flat mobile active car atenna`s, with a Terratec Cinergy DT USB XS Diversity digital tuner. The antenna has the....
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I want to make an FM jammer so I can play whatever music I want through my school bus radio. (It`s legal where I live :3) Can someone help me with....
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Hi everyone. I have a quick question. I`m trying to devise a circuit that works off my car locks. Basically they get a negative pulse, which starts a latched relay, which will power up the ACC line going to the startup/shutdown controller. I`ve included a....
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Intro & disclaimer For all you guys out there that want a fading dome light (aka courtesy light aka theatre lighting) without having to pay for....
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I have been reading a lot of posts about the Lilliput not being able to `auto switch` even though it is in the secret menu, so I decided to make a....
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This threads explains how I`ve made my custom USB tyre pressure monitoring system by hacking this aftermarket kit bought on eBay. The first step was....
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I have an Xbox 360 console which used to have a problem with the 3RLOD, I decided to remove the stock heatsinks and install a Koolance external water cooling system. This has remedied the fault with the console superbly (the console now operates at a max.....
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Though I`d make a quick how to guide for a remote power on switch for a DC to AC inverter. Rational: -I want to be able to turn off and turn on my....
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After searching for a few days i cant find a solution for this idea. Sorry for the wordy`ness I`m creating a switch panel in the dash containing 4....
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You could have an USBI2C with every sensor, which would mean 4-sensors for £120. The SRF02 runs on the I2C bus, which i`ve been told I shouldn`t extend more than ~2metres. The obvious plan would then be to have one USBI2C for the back bumper, and one for the....
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They implemented it in the higher frequency L band 1452-1492 MHz whereas EU, AU and GB are in VHF Band III (174-230 MHz) anyway it failed for whatever reasons, and thanks again for trying the APP. Mickz your app works perfectly here but I get no dab....
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A dance pad, basically 4 pressure sensors (up, down, left, right). I already made the USB controller as a dance pad and whatnot, now I need to know how to hook up the actual sensors. I want the input to be pulled down to ground, so I figured that I would put....
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Achieving the highest possible performance from circuits used in third-and fourth-generation wireless systems is driving a tighter integration of previously disparate tools. Certainly, a level of software synergy is essential when designing circuits for use....
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The V2. 2 PCB has 4 spare connectors (X11 to X14) these can be used for various inputs and outputs for the following circuits as they are conveniently available on the 37pin DB connector: The V3. 0 PCB has 4 spare connectors (SPR1 to 4) these can be used for....
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Collecting and storing experimental data is a common challenge for hobbyists. A popular approach is to use a device for converting analog data into digital data and storing the information on a computer. These devices are called A/D converters: an....
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A common challenge for experimenters is increasing the gain of a low level DC voltage for recording or analysis. Most instrumentation circuits require building a complicated project with dual power supplies and high accuracy components. A simple solution is....
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On the DMX line side a XLR connector should be used. Either a 5 or 3 pin connector. The pins/holes in a XLR connector are usually numbered so no need for a picture. For the 5 pin connector, only pins 1-3 are used. I used the following code to do some initial....
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The feedback resistor determines the bias of the oscillation circuit. Generally, C-MOS IC uses 100k ohms to 10M ohms (normally, 1M ohms) feedback resistance, while TTL IC uses 1k ohms to 10k ohms (normally, 4. 7k ohms) feedback resistance because of low I/O....
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In contrast, a piezoelectric sounder (self drive type) consists of only a piezoelectric diaphragm with a feedback electrode. It is used in combination with an external drive circuit. The drive circuit for both of the above is a simple circuit consisting of....
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This circuit is identical to the one in the Single Buss 1V/Octave Keyboard Controller. See the circuit description there. This board has the addition of the resistors used in the keyboard voltage divider. Whereas in typical keyboard pressing a key brings the....
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Voltage to be sampled is applied to the input which is one end of R2 (100K linear taper potentiometer). The other end of R2 is grounded and thus the level of signal applied to buffering level shifter U1-A and associated components is controlled by R2.....
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This circuit delivers a plentitude of noise, a veritable harvest of noise, yes, I dare say. an abundance of noise. Noise, noise and more noise. This circuit gives you white noise, pink-ish noise, high pass noise, grainy noise (with grainy adjust), and lastly....
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The MFOS NOISE TOASTER circuit consists of seven main components: a voltage controlled oscillator, a white noise generator, a voltage controlled low pass filter, a low frequency oscillator, a simple AR envelope generator, a simple VCA, and a one watt....
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This project is an older design and has most likely been superceded by a newer one. However, it is still a viable design and useful for your home-brew synth. Sorry but most of these do not have circuit descriptions, parts lists or PC board layouts (They....
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This project is an older design and has most likely been superceded by a newer one. However, it is still a viable design and useful for your home-brew synth. Sorry but most of these do not have circuit descriptions, parts lists or PC board layouts (They....
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an intermediate to advanced project and I do not recommend it as a first project if you are just getting started in synths or electronics. Only the circuit and some explanation are shown here. A lot of project building, troubleshooting and electronics....
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A mechanism by which a normal pot could be used as a digitized pot since I need each pot`s setting to be converted to a number between 0 and 15. I use that information to determine the duration for each step. I accomplished this by designing an analog to....
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This is an intermediate to advanced project and I do not recommend it as a first project if you are just getting started in synths or electronics. Only the circuit and some explanation are shown here. A lot of project building, troubleshooting and....
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This is a nice LFO for all of your modulation needs. The frequency can be voltage controlled to add a new dimension to your sound palette. The pulse width of the rectangle wave can be varied between approximately 10% and 90% again lending variability to the....
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Incredible Shruthi-1 hardware synth with its excellent SMR-4 MkII filter board, both of which I built about a month ago and which I love to bits for exploring new sounds. However, as a sound designer I`ve always been interested in pushing the boundaries, so....
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This is the schematic of a simple jfet buffer from the Basic Buffers article in the AMZ Lab Notebook, with the addition of pulldown resistors at the input and output. The circuit has a high input impedance and a low output impedance suitable for driving long....
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There are situations in which very long cable runs are necessary from the pedalboard to the amplifier, or a more powerful driving circuit is needed to the heavy load presented by devices in parallel. A good buffer box is the solution. The best buffer board....