Popular Circuits Page 220
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With a few basic hand tools and a digital camera, this programmable camera controller project is for you. By using components already available at home, costs may be kept to a minimum. A servomotor may be reused from a radio-controlled model and aluminium....
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Using a single cable such as speaker wire or doorbell cable, this circuit can be remotely positioned, for
example, at the bottom of a garden or garage, and used to detect all sound in that area. The cable can
be buried in a hosepipe or duct and is....
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This circuit is about as good as it gets for generating morse code tones. It may be used as a code practice oscillator, a tone generator for a keyer, a sidetone oscillator for a CW transmitter or an audio Modulated CW (MCW) generator for an FM transmitter or....
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More and more serial bus systems are preferred instead of a parallel bus, because of the simpler wiring. As the efficiency of serial buses increases, the speed advantage of the parallel data transmission gets less important. The clock frequencies of SPI....
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The circuit below responds to sound pressure levels from about 60 to 70 dB. The sound is picked up by an 8 ohm speaker, amplified by a transistor stage and one LM324 op-amp section. You can also use a dynamic microphone but I found the speaker was more....
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Figure 2-33 (a) is the action schematic diagram of the robot closing to the object. When there is no objects in front of the robot, it will go forward in the straight line; when there is an object in left or right side of the robot,it will turn left or right....
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Transistors T1 and T2 form the mic preamplifier. Resistor R1 gives the required bias for the mic condenser whilst preset VR1 works as gain control for adjusting its gain level. As a way to boost the audio power, the low-level audio output from the....
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A simple circuit for monitoring the fuel level in vehicles. It gives an audiovisual indication when the fuel level drops alarmingly below the reserve level, helping you to read more †’..
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Once packet radio started taking off, the limitations of my first foray into AX25 with the "BSX1" TNC became evident. It supported AX25 version 1 only and was limited in its IO capabilities. The command set was also "non standard" due to the almost universal....
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As before, there are two sections: the transmitter board and the receiver board, both powered by a separate 9V battery or a fixed voltage power supply, depending on your needs. The transmitter board has an electret microphone module at one end, and the laser....
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A 555 is used as an oscillator, optimally around 15.76KHz (in North America). Power pins on the chip (pin 1 to ground, pin 8 to +12V) are not shown on the diagram. The output from the 555 is then switched by PNP transistor Q1 and by the large 2N3055 NPN....
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Band-pass filter is a circuit diagram of a single channel described in this article, that the audio band-pass filter circuit diagram. Its fH 50Hz;, fl 13kHz, as shown below...
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Detector Components & Infrared Motion Work, Electronic Circuit Schematic Wiring Diagram, Detector Components & Infrared Motion Work...
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The employment of the circuit IC1 which build survive astable multi vibrator circuit. self-control gesticulate frequency low origin comes exposed the way pin 3 take approximately 1 Hz by frequency charge with the intention of s were fixed by the value, R1,....
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This is the hardware and source code for an Atmel ATmega8 / MX-614 based UI only TNC. The intent was to provide inexpensive basic TNC functionality for APRS related packet activities. We also have the flexibility to modify the operations of the TNC by....
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There are many miniature FM transmitter bug circuits online, this one is unique in that it runs completely on solar power. No battery is required. As long as the sun is shining on the PV panel, the transmitter will transmit. The transmitter bug is useful as....
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An impressive little machine gun sound effect generator circuit is discussed here. Once built can be integrated with any audio amplifier to experience a roaring bullet studded war like simulation. A small hobby project which can be tried by all electronic....
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The circuit presented here is a simple audio/video transmitter with a range of 3 to 5 metres. The A/V signal source for the circuit may be a VCR, a satellite receiver or a video game etc. A mixer which also operates as an oscillator at VHF (H) channel 5 TV....
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The 4- to 20-mA current loop is ubiquitous in the world of controls in manufacturing plants. Discrete logic, microprocessors, and microcontrollers easily cover the digital portions of control schemes, such as limit switches, pushbuttons, and signal lights.....
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This device produces high voltage pulses discrupting muscles and nervous sYstem, leaving anyone who touches it in a state of menthal confusion. Can be used agains ferocious animals or attackers, BUT REMEMBER, this device may be illegal in your state (for eg....
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The Project presented here waters your plants regularly when you are out for vocation. The circuit comprises sensor parts built using op-amp IC LM324. Op-amps are configured here as a comparator. Two stiff copper wires are inserted in the soil to sense the....
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Making your own universal remote control systems today is very easy. Such procure the relevant chips, assemble them and here goes, your hi-tech remote control device is working for you. Here we explain a couple remote control chips especially designed for....
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The PRUBY module that provides a PLL interface for rubidium frequency references such as the LPRO-101 and FRS-C products manufactured by EFRATOM Ball, Inc. The module conditions the ten megahertz (MHz) signal from the reference and provides both a square....
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Modifying the MXR Micro Amp for True Bypass switching, requiring tricky circuit board surgery due to its original surface-mount DPDT switch....
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For the limit switches on a custom 3D printer I`m designing, I want to try out some contactless sensors. I have chosen to use hall effect sensors, which are sensitive to a magnetic field. There are three different types of these sensors available. First,....
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This paper describes the design of a low ’cost 90 W flyback switching power supply for a multi ’sync color monitor. In order to minimize the screen interference from the switching noise, the power supply CAN be automatically synchronized at the fixed....
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24v DC is a very popular voltage used in industrial settings. The circuit below was designed to accept four different 24v DC alarm input signals, which are then used to drive a single low power beeper. The beeper is a magnetic type with its own....
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Each CdS cell acts as a variable resistor in a single variable phase-shift circuit and there are six such individual phase shifters arranged in series, each increasing the overall shift. The LED`s brightness is modulated by an oscillator (bottom section of....
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This circuit us gives the sense of movement of ball up down, after the LED turn on successively the one afterwards the other. As soon as it reaches in the one or in the other end it makes again the opposite movement to behind. As clock are used two inverters....
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Adrian Bontenbal has provided us with updated notes from his experiments in building a re-creation of Clara Rockmore`s theremin. As you`ll recall, Bob Moog shared his hand-drawn schematic for Clara`s instrument over a decade ago. Adrian started with that....
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The voltage to be compared is fed through diode Dl and D2 to the voltage dividers Rl and R5 where the low and high limits are present. When the voltage level of an input signal exceeds the high threshold limit set with potentiometer Rl, the diode Dl becomes....
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Under the loading condition of the resistance, output voltage Uo variable range: 30V~36V; Maximum output current LOmax: 2A; When U2 becomes from 15V to 21V, the regulation factor SU of the voltage is less than or equal to 0. 2% Io =2A ; When Io becomes from....
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Presented circuit is very simple. With more sampling, I refrained from using the converter and lamp designed for powering three NiCd or NiMH batteries. Because the voltage difference between the battery and the LED is very small, this arrangement is....
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There are so many circuits available for infrared Burglar alarm but transmitter section of these burglar alarm circuits are complicated and you may have assemble it yourself. But here is burglar alarm circuit that uses the ordinary DVD remote as the....
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How to create dual power supply unit using single battery for your lab prupose Dual voltage power supplies are required particularly for op amp experiments and some of the instrumentation amplifiers. Some low power audio pre amplifiers also uses dual voltage....
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This is a simple microphone preamplifier circuit which you can use between your microphone and stereo amplifier. This circuit amplifier microphone suitable for use with normal home stereo amplifier line/CD/aux/tape inputs. This mic preamp can take both....
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With IC SLB0586A from Siemens you can build a simple touch light dimmer circuit that will allow you to adjust the lamp intensity. Together with a TIC206D...
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I will share about the series used in the usb to charge battery. Issued voltage 4. 7 Volt to 5 Volt DC suitable for battery charge the phone, as well as other batteries. Below is a circuit where the voltage is removed the usb on the computer will be....
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The circuit ICL7134B base is a bipolar input AID converter broadband, using two AM25L03s to form a successive approximation register 14-bit. The comparator is a circuit with two stage amplifier HA2605 front, used to reduce the settling time problems in the....
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First, I would like to say hello to all of you, I am new to this site, so take it ""easy"" on me I was referred here to expose about my....
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Three schematics for those of you who would like to build your own. If you know how to read electronic schematics, the three stun gun circuits on this page include all the information you need to make a stun gun. Personally I have no idea what they mean...
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A/D conversion circuit is to convert the analog voltage into a digital signal encoding circuit, is shown in FIG using ADC0808/ADC0809 circuit chips, which can be O ~ V convert ..
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Using an RC oscillator, an up to 24-stage ripple counter O) 16777216 or 2U, and a 0.1-Hz count-rate with #..
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Many consumer products using white light LEDs for illumination and backlighting provide gradual LED illumination at turnon and turnoff. This gradual illumination is usually achieved with the aid of a Microprocessor that provides PWM dimming control. This....
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The "LCD2LPT with Lirc" circuit is the compilation of two circuits found on the net on a single board. The first is LCD to LPT interface and the second an IR remote control interface using http://www.lirc.org program. The main circuit for LCD connection to....
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This CW transmitter has an output of up to 3 W. By using 24 V on Q2, up to 10 W output can be obtained. If a 24-V supply is used, Ql must not see more than 12 V. Connect 12 V between junctions C3, R2 and L2, and remove L5. LI should be a low-Q 18- to 20-....
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This is a 12V battery checker circuit that uses 3 LEDs that light up at their respective voltages. The red LED lights up when the battery voltage is between 8 to 10V, the orange one at voltages between 10. 5V to 12V and the green one when the battery voltage....
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This is a schematic diagram of a pulse width to analog demodulator circuit. This circuit is used to demodulate the pulse width to analog voltage level. With...
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Universal Timer is a most versatile timer project wide range of 1/10th second to 100s hour time period circuit diagram with description of universal timer various timer circuit ...
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Xpressnet is a bus system for model railways to interconnect input devices, computer interfaces and stationary decoder or feedback detectors. Many commercial input devices (including the multi-mouse from Roco) are based on this bus. The following adapter....
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As shown, the power supply terminal to use 1 F chip capacitor filter, and should be as close to the chip supply pin placement. Signal produced by 2 feet and 3 feet input, signa..
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An RF power amplifier is a type of electronic amplifier which is utilised to convert a low-power radio-frequency signal into a larger signal of significant power, usually for driving the antenna of a transmitter. It is usually optimized to have high....
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The closer matched the two transistors are, the better. If possible, try to obtain TIP41 and TIP42 transistors, which are closely matched NPN and PNP power transistors with dissipation ratings of 65 watts each. If you cannot get a TIP41 NPN transistor, the....
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In this application note, we create a heart rate monitor by using one IR LED and phototransistor pair and observing the waveform at the phototransistor output. This is intended for illustrating a typical light sensor application and not intended for actual....
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The Stepped Tone Generator is a simple dual oscillator circuit with a single pulse wave output. The first oscillator drives the pitch of the output oscillator which divides the pitch by increasingly smaller amounts as the pitch increases depending on its own....
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Calculates the difference between the two waveforms to arrive at what he believes is the voltage across the CSR. At the 33Kc or so frequency of the positive going voltage peak (calculated from time interval at FWHM), around 500nHy of inductance in the....
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T1 transistor must be BF200 type (or similar ) and the other transistors can be BF214 type. For high efficiency, the antenna amplifier must be placed at a small distance from antenna. This amplifier circuit can be powered using a power supply that supply an....
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The FM broadcast band was moved immediately after World War II from its original spot just below 50 Mc to the present 88-108 Mc band. Hallicrafters was one company to offer receiving converters for those who had the old FM radio sets. The offerings....
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The circuit in Figure 1 satisfies all these criteria. The circuit delivers a unipolar (adjustable from 0 to 12V) pulse with adjustable frequency and pulse width. The first half of a dual, retriggerable monostable multivibrator, IC1A, generates the frequency....
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Works on AVR controllers with RAM and a hardware UART. This code is easily modified to integrate with ROM applications to provide the ability to monitor and interact with ROM applications via an terminal simulation program over an RS-232 port. It can also be....
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This LM3403 op amp family including LM3303 known to be a monolithic quad op amp which have high gain, a compensated internal frequency that will assure a wide range of voltages can be operated from both single and/or dual power supply. The circuit diagram....
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Time would be much better spent on explaining transistor and MOSFET behaviour in a simpler way and getting on with digital circuitry and microcontroller projects. You simply cannot put a transistor into a circuit and expect it to produce the calculated....
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This keyer uses skin conductivity to simulate the old-fashioned mechanical CW bug keyer. When the dit paddle is touched the bias on the inverter, ICl-a is shunted to ground, and it produces a logic high, causing oscillator sections CD to generate a....
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By LK16-5/31 type master controller and PQY2 Series Magnetic control panel consisting of a control circuit. The figure shows, PQY2 series control panel and magnetic series of m..
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High voltage current sensing/monitoring can be designed using LTC6101 op-amp. The following current sensing circuit is capable of measuring electrical current...
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Power and serial communications are provided by the FTDI USB RS232 converter chip. You don`t have to do anything! Connect the USB cable from your computer to the board and a new serial com port will install under Windows. Also includes socket for I2C EEPROM....
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This simple tone control can be used in may audio applications. It can be added to amplifers, used as a stand alone control module, or even built into new and exciting instruments. It`s one IC construction makes it a very compact circuit, as only a few....
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NE5532DR absolute maximum ratings: (1)Supply voltage: VCC+ 22 V; VCC-: -22 V; (2)Input voltage, either input VCC ±; (3)Input current: ±10 mA; (4)Duration of output short circuit: Unlimited; (5)Package thermal impedance, JA: D package 97ƒ/W; P package 85ƒ/W;....
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It uses a 6GW8 triode-pentode in an oscillator-amplifier design that combines a curious misapplication of oscillator fundamentals with insufficient attention paid to issues of amplifier stability. The result is a transmitter that shouldnot be duplicated and....
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Cheap PIC Programmer This programmer works only with PIC16F84 but it`s great because it never causes errors and works with almost all computers,unlike some....
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A very simple ultrasonic parking sonar electronic project can be designed using this schematic circuit. This ultrasonic parking sonar electronic project has an adjustable detection range from 5 cm up to 1. 5 meters and a detection angle of 5 degrees. This....
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The figures above shows the basic idea of any robot, where we have some inputs and output devices connected to the brain and some outputs controlled b....
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1. Because there is no DTR wire (modem pin 20) from Pilot. Pilot can simulate DTR line but this is not used at this moment (needs a pull-up)
2. This way we can not dial without a known dial tone if needed (like in some areas out of USA)
3. There no....
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Designing and building an AM Broadcast Sucker-outer. The undesired AM broadcast signal is shunted to ground with a series resonant circuit consisting of L1 and C1, C2, and C3. At the HF frequencies, this series circuit will look like an inductor from Input....
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The story of a PAR 38 LED spotlight design Delivering real-world LED lighting systems that live up to their billing reduced power consumption, increased life, improved....
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The waveform of a steam whistle is a complex combination of white noise and an audio frequency oscillation. The noise generator is a transistor (Ql) biased into zener mode. The audio frequency oscillation is a straightforward mixture of two similar (but not....
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The Accu charger circuit is very simple and easy to make, because it only requires a few components are also not more than 10 components. Besides easy charger circuit is also very cheap and very efficient. This circuit requires power supply from a....
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A car battery charger schematic & description . This 12v automatic car battery charger circuit can be also use for charging other automobiles batteries. ....
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After fail finishing the robot for the competition, I stopped updating my blog for a while. This is because I feel a bit disappointed for not be able to finish the robot in time. Today I am going to update the result of the entire work we hove done so far.....
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This circuit is used on the ATMEL Microcontroller IC. However, the circuit is used for Microcontroller AT89Sxx. and ATMEGA xxx if you know about MISO, MOSI, SCK AND RESET..
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This circuit converts a tape recorder into a completely automatic telephone conversation recording instrument that needs no external power source. Voltage at the switch terminals of tape recorder applied to a pair of Darlington-connected transistors, Ql and....
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Ql, Q2, and the associated circuitry form a modified astable multivibrator in which the loop gain is automatically adjusted to the threshold of oscillation by means of field effect transistor Q3. Q4 linearly amplifies the signal present at the collector of....
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Stepper motors that feature unipolar drives are widely used in applications that require high torque loads and fast position attainment. The unipolar operation provides stable Motor Control using a rel- atively simple firmware, as compared to bipolar drives.....
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This inexpensive FM radio receiver antenna booster uses the BF324 TO92 style pnp transistor in a grounded-base configuration. The circuit may be used as a....
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Small 1. 5V to 5V or 12V DC/DC converter with LT1073 chip. The IC is available in three different versions, depending on output voltage. Two with fixed output voltage of 5V and 12V, and the most interesting that can be adjusted. The adjustment is done....
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A control program usually requires more than turning outputs on and off. They switch on and off because an event has happened. This event is then connected to the input of the microcontroller to "tell" it what to do next. The input could be derived from a....
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By using two 4516 ICs, this circuit will simulate two dices playing game. ..
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This is Circuit DC to DC Converter. For input DC12V-24V 4A to Output 24V-48V 2A (inputX2) Use easy circuit simple part IC Digital Cmos : 40106 and Mosfet....
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False alarms produced by semiconductor failure are impossible with this burglar-alarm circuit equipped with relays. What"s more, the circuit is virtually immune to false triggering. With a standby current of less than 0.1 mA, the circuit offers all the....
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100 Ohms at 4. 5 Volts (3xAA) allows 45 mA, but at the upper end of the sweep, due to the load being in parallel, it will be much higher - basically limited by the resistance of your load and your battery capacity. So yes, you can "smoke a pot" (heh!).....
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The eggs hatch incubator circuit is composed of the power supply circuit, constant temperature control circuit and sound and light alarm circuit, and it is shown in Figure 4-7. Power supply circuit consists of the power switch Sl, fuse FU2, power transformer....