Popular Circuits Page 229
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This simple PC Smartcard reader was shown in Electronics Design magazine February 17, 1997 issue on page 172 in the ideas for design section. The circuit is designed by Jose Carlos Cossio and is based on simple smartcard reader design shown on the same....
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This is yet another project born of necessity. It`s a simple circuit, but does exactly what it`s designed to do - dim LED lights or control the speed of 12V DC motors. The circuit uses PWM to regulate the effective or average current through the LED array,....
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This is a small footprint 50% duty cycle square wave oscillator with variable frequency from 10kHz to 30MHz. The frequency range can be extended to 1kHz by using 1M instead of 100k for R6. The sheet presented here drives the square wave directly into 50Ohm;....
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Thesis by Rafael Bräg at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand in cooperation with the Universität Karlsruhe, Institut Elektrotechnik und Hochspannungstechnik....
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Voltage to frequency is very useful in many situation, such as transmitting temperature measurement using standard voice radio transceiver. This circuit (see the circuit`s schematic diagram) uses only two CA3130 op-amps, but the performance is good enough.....
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The objective of Linkwitz` article was to reduce distorted spatial reproduction when listening to recorded stereo music with headphones-the "super stereo" effect where the music seems to be coming from inside one`s head. To remove the spatial distortion,....
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This easyelectronicbuzzercircuitbuilt based on timer works for gaining the frequency. The IC timer NE555 used as astable multivibrator operating at about 1kHz and produces a sound when switched on. The sound frequency can be adjusted by varying the 10K....
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Many a person will might excited with siren sound the all that ever hear. Because we will hear when there is an accident emergency event. But ever suspect that....
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Circuit is shown in Figure 1,electrical schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2. The voltage AC220V is reduced by C3,R3 discharges,VD1 and VD2 rectify,C2 and C1 filter and get a smooth direct current,the voltage-regulator diode stabilizes the voltage in 6V....
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This amplifier operates from a 28 Vdc supply. It has a typical gain of 12 dB, and can survive operation into a 30:1 VSWR load at any phase angle with no damage. This means that with input power held constant at the level that provides 125 watts output, the....
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This is a circuit that generates white noise, rolled-off to drive earphones or a small speaker. White noise creates is a "rushing" sound, which sounds something like air rushing by your ear(s). White noise would be flat with frequency, and since this circuit....
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Electronic Combination Lock. This circuit is very basic to build. To open a the lock which is connected to the K1 Load you must press each momentary switch in the correct sequence. The...
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Here`s the Arduino code for reading incoming packets from the XBee and displaying the received analog sample on the LED display. Parsing an XBee packet is quite complex, unfortunately. But after studying the documentation for a while, it isn`t that hard.....
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This pulse generator produces square pulses from 1Hz to 100KHz with adjustable pulse width of nearly 0-100%. The generator is powered with a voltage of 5-15V and is therefore suitable for both TTL and CMOS circuits. If you want to measure the response of an....
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When the "ON/OFF" button is pressed once, the equipment goes on and stays on. It goes off when the button is pressed again. The circuit is straight forward. It uses a JK CMOS FlipFlop to with its JK terminals tied high to achieve the toggling action. The....
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This is a third order low pass filter that has corner frequency of 20kHz. It is twice as high as the auto-zero clock frequency. Here is the circuit : The input....
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After the graphic equalizers are universally applied, and the emergence of a new kind of equalizer, called a parametric equalizer that amount of EQ, or from the internal circui..
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The following circuit shows about 5 Zone Anti Theft Circuit Diagram. This circuit Based On The CMOS 4050B IC. Features: system may comprise in ....
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An alternating display for my version 1 nixie clock led me to think of new logic designs for switching signals to the display. I took the design of my version 1 nixie clock, tossed out the 4013 flip flop and two 4017 counters, and redesigned the hours....
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You need this schematics. Go to THIS page and you will find a good pre-amp and power amplifier for your guitar include the complete explanation of its works, and how to build the box. ..
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Modern set-top DBS TV tuners require high performance, broadband voltage control oscillator (VCO) designs at a competitive cost.To meet these goals, design engineers are challenged to create high performance, low-cost VCOs...
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This simple amplifier is ideal for adding a headphone jack to equipment that lacks this feature. The Headphone Buffer circuit board is small enough (1. 2" X 1. 4") to squeeze into even the smallest spaces and power requirements are so low that existing....
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This is a rather unusual QRP Power Amplifier design, with a wide frequency response; within three dB's from 300KHz to 30MHz. Overall gain is in the region of 16dB and the final output power may be well over four watts. The wide bandwidth is a result of the....
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Automatic AC voltage regulator circuit ..
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As shown in FIG as a special power supply circuit. The circuit is simple, but can be produced from two identical secondary windings in three sets DC voltage: + 5V, -5V and + 12..
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Circuit As shown, it comprises an acoustic sensor, SK- voice circuit, relay control circuit, vocal music circuit and the AC buck rectifier circuit. BM acoustic/electric transdu..
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Going camping nowadays involves taking lots of electronic equipment whether for day to day running or for fun and entertainment. Most of the time a charged lead acid battery and a power inverter would be used to ensure a smoothly organized holiday where....
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If you want a 1MHz square wave, I would suggest using a higher frequency crystal and dividing it down, for two reasons: (1) 4MHz crystals are apt to be cheaper and easier to find than 1MHz ones; (2) Getting a 50. 0000% duty cycle from a crystal is a bit....
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about-face S1 momentarily. This beating acts as a alarm beating for the decade adverse (IC2) which advances by one calculation on anniversary alternating alarm beating or the advance of about-face S1. Ten presets (VR1 through VR10), set for altered ethics by....
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This circuit is converter to use to charge DC12V from the lead-acid batteries to AC 250V for use in a car, Boats or mobile homes. There are the output power There are the sufficient power to the small electronics such as a lamp or electrical soldering iron.....
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An operational amplifier, which is often called an op-amp, is a DC - coupled high- gain electronic voltage amplifier with a differential input and, usually, a single-ended output. [1] An op-amp produces an output voltage that is typically millions of times....
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DC power supply is a helium-neon laser excitation power supply currently used the most common form of power, there is shown a laser printer used in the road, Tl as power transf..
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The audio bandpass filter described is useful for amplification and filtering weak AM TV video carriers. For example, a DFM (digital frequency audio multimeter) may have insufficient input sensitivity for measuring extremely weak SSB TV video audio signals.....
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I was sitting around trying to decide how to wire my fog lights up. I`ve seen people wire them directly off the low beam or....
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NBFM or Narrow Band Frequncy Modulation is used in this 27 MHz transmitter circuit schematic. This circuit is an application by Motorola MC2833 VHF transmitter with FM modulation and narrow band in a single chip. P1 is used to adjust microphone amplification....
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This is a general purpose remote control project with using programmable PIC microcontrollers. Schematics are shown for using infrared (RF) or radio (RF) media. If you are not familiar with microcontroller programming, you can use fixed encoder and decoder....
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The versatile circuit shown can be used to realize several different circuit functions ”an astable multivibrator, a monostable multivibrator, a switch debouncer, or a frequency discriminator ( Fig. 1 ). Inverters U1a and U1b are connected as a latch. When....
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For a few experiments such as solar air heaters, I needed a automatic turning on and off of a fan. Probably the simplest way to do this is with a bimetal snap disc thermal sensor. A bimetal snap disc thermal sensor is basically a switch that closes when a....
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The panel 5W/6v Wp will have a max current of approx 500 to 800mA peaking at 800mA at noon. by restricting it to 150mA seems sheer waste. you can use a 1W panel to provide you 160mA at peak performance of 6 hours, to cover for the worst case scenario maybe....
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This dual polarity power supply is easy to build, requires few parts, and is adjustable from 0-15 volts. It is great for powering op amp circuits, as well as other circuits that require a dual supply voltage. 4. U1 and U2 can only go down to a minimum of....
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This regulator uses the drop across R3 to sense current draw, turning on Q2, removing drive from Q1, and lowering the output voltage. Limiting occurs when Q2 has 0. 65 V across the base-emitter junction. This circuit has foldback characteristics as seen from....
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Circuit Description: The 566 can be connected to either positive or negative ramp generator. For positive ramp generator, the external transistor driven by the output pin 3, at..
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The supply rails prudentially voltage was kept at the rather low value of + and - 40V. For those wishing to experiment, the supply voltage rails could be raised to + and - 50V maximum, allowing the amplifier to approach the 100W into 8 Ohm target. ..
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Heart rate monitor using 8051 microcontroller. Measures the heart rate from the finger tip using IR diode photo transistor pair (Photoplethysmography). AT89S51 is the microcontroller used here....
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Electric power limiter circuit limits the user load, making household appliances in a given normal operating current range when the load exceeds a given value, the power supply..
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This 6V to 12V converter circuit is made with an IC from SGS with several additional components. The IC is a TDA2003 but it can be replaced with a TDA2002. The cost of building the 6volts to 12 volts converter should be low enough to justify constructing it....
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Consisting of two capacitors polarity as shown by ICL7660 and external power conversion. The power supply using a dedicated integrated circuit ICL7660 polarity inversion and ex..
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This is a simple 220V power interface circuit. This circuit used as interface for monitoring electric devices and equipments using a computer. The circuit only...
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The circuit is built around two 555 timer ICs. U1 and U2. U1 is wired as a variable duty cycle oscillator with a constant time period of around 0. 1 second. Duty cycle can be varied from 0 to 100 per cent by R4 potentiometer. The output of U1 (pin 3) is....
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As shown in FIG multimeter AC/DC converter circuit automatically. Ordinary digital multimeter by manual operation to complete AC and DC measurement conversions. New DT860D digi..
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At the time, I wanted to build The Ultimate Continuity Tester, and I established a wish list of all the features I required: A real continuity tester. Too many multimeters and sounders react at resistances as high as hundreds or even thousands of ohms,....
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Since high frequency voltage-controlled oscillators, or VCOs, are not easy to construct, Maxim ( has produced an integrated 1. 2GHz oscillator, the MAX2754. The center frequency is set using the TUNE input, and a linear modulation input allows the frequency....
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The blinking or flashing rate is determined by Ul, a 555 timer integrated circuit. Its output, at pin 3, feeds U2, a HI1J triac driver. That driver consists of an infrared LED that is coupled internally to a light-activated silicon bilateral switch (DIAC).....
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1-Transistor FM Transmitter. R1 27k R2 56k R3 12k R4 100 C1 1u C2, C3 470p C4 6 to 10p C5 1-30p trimmer L1 etched on PCB or a...
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A continuity tester is handy for checking that there is a conducting path between two points. The following circuit has the advantage that it is very sensitive and it gives both a visual and audible indication of continuity. An audible tester is handy since....
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Clever use of a four-way slowly dimming LED driver integrated iU shoe production and Qis four flashing lights string controller. Ten Electronics Co., Ltd. Wenzhou production HF..
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Linear whether three phases step down voltage regulation power control unit of the switch synchronously in LTC3731H of Company, can drive connecting the power N-MOSFET of all, specified the intersection of operating temperature and up to 140 the intersection....
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An explanation of how the thing should work. The TPS_EN line is low at first. Since it is pulled down by a 10k pull down resistor(not shown in the schematic). When the user presses S2, the mosfet Q2 turns on because ground is applied to its gate. which....
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Currently using the PIC24FJ128GA010 and I am planning to use Input/Output port to connect my 4. 2 V LiPo battery and to check if the voltage value doesn`t go below 3. 7 V. You should avoid digital. You have two options, use an ADC or use an Analog....
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This circuit is conventional Pierce type oscillator that uses a JFET. The circuit uses fundamental mode crystals. It has decent performance and reliability if we use a low noise JFET. This is the figure of the circuit. The feedback is controlled by the C1....
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The basic principle of the theremin is theheterodyne oscillator. When I started developing the Open. Theremin I knew that I needed a stable and reliable oscillator. So I searched the internet and found various schematics with different components. I built....
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Ground loop offset errors and ground noise are removed by a differential amplifier or instrumentation amplifier prior to A/D analog to digital conversion. The differential input amplifier mitigates ground loop errors. Precision measurement of non-isolated....
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The core voltages for FPGAs are moving lower as a result
of advances in the fabrication process. The newest FPGA
family from Altera, the Stratix® II, now requires a core
voltage of 1.2V and the Stratix, Stratix GX, HardCopy®
Stratix and CycloneTM....
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The following circuit shows about Circuit an Infrared Toy Car Motor Controller. This circuit based on the 4047 and4017 IC. Features: 16V ....
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This circuit can be used to measure the voltage to 15 volts.Using the current from the battery 9 volt,At 23 mA only. Input circuit has a diode, to protect the....
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Hi Ben. You need to connect pins 1 and 13 of the 4053 to the virtual ground rail (top of C4), not the circuit`s 0V rail. The way you have it, when the ....
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L1, Q1, L2, and L3 compose an RF amp’’fter stage that feeds Ml, a doubly balanced mixer. Q4 is alocal oscillator stage In the 375-MHz range Signals h the 420 ‰to 450-MHz range from Q1 are mixed in M1 and fed through filter L6/L7/C17, where only the 60- to....
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The main purpose is to show here the circuit diagram and explain the software. We use a UDP application to send commands to the microcontroller. Those commands will then cause the microcontroller to switch on or off the relay. It think it will be possible....
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Wave-filter principles are applied in many circuits other than filters. An example is the design of modulation transformers for high-level amplitude-modulated radio transmitters. Some of these transformers are large. In plate-modulated power amplifiers, the....
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The main (and only) job of this circuit is to activate a buzzer or a relay, each time the level of humidity takes a specific value. Main stage is a memory based on a flip-flop consisting of gates and IC1a IC1 b. The output of this step activates an....
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By using light and sound to induce these brain states we are able to gain greater control and efficiency of brain usage. Furthermore, improvements in relaxation, memory, creativity, stress management, sleep disorders, and even ESP(!) can be had by utilizing....
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am freeborn Emmanuel, am into inverter, battery charger and automatic change over for generator and stabilizer designing. i do design locally made inverter for house and office use and i do install solar panel with inverter, i do design solar charge....
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Cymbet Corporation offers rechargeable solid state batteries for advanced microcontroller power backup. We are a leader in thin film energy storage....
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As shown below, it is a circuit diagram of a portable gas detector. The portable gas detector circuit is used mainly in electrochemical sensors, dual-channel micro-power amplif..
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CI in series with the crystal may be used to adjust the oscillator output frequency· Value may range between 20 pF and 0.01 µ¥, or may be a trimmer capacitor and will approximately equal the crystal load capacitance. X values are approximate and can vary....
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A typical laptop power adapter circuit A typical laptop power adapter circuit, the AC 22V voltage through the rectifier filter circuit output after +30V DC voltage, and then th..
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MC78L15ABPG positive voltage regulator, 100mA, TO-92..
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In this tutorial, the Arduino displays the time and date on a LCD (optional) and in the Arduino IDE serial monitor window. A PCF8563 real time clock (RTC) IC is used to generate the time and date. The time and date can be set using the Arduino serial monitor....
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This is a circuit diagram for logic probe that is based on single CMOS IC. This logic probe shows three logic condition, High, Low, and Pulsing. Ind addition, there is no LED`s will glow if the probe input is neither hi or lo (the high impedance state of....
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This causes T1 to conduct, taking pin 2 of IC1 `low`. IC1 then enters a timing cycle, the duration of which is et by R1/C1, causing pin 3 of IC1 to go`high`. This causes T2 to conduct. At the end of the timing cycle T2 switches off, and the circuit waits for....
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This be Pre Mic circuit or Microphone preamplifier circuit model 2 CH. By this circuit uses integrated number circuit NE5532 or LF353. It perform enlarge sound signal from Dynamic Micro phone give the power goes up for subsequently submit to go to still....
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This LC meter circuit can measure coils and capacitors. When Lx or Cx is connected in the circuit the oscillator frequency will decrease and this decrease is measured by a frequency-voltage converter build with T3 and T4. To adjust this lc meter circuit with....
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Bridge circuit contains two resistors lOO-ohm (R3 and R4), and two thermistors (Tl and T2). At room temperature, the resistance of T1 and 1'2 is about 2000 ohms. When they are each heated to 150 ° C by an RNA 10 current, the resistance value decreases to....
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The input signal is amplified by the transistors. The distorted output is then clipped by the two diodes and the high frequency noise is filtered from the circuit via the 500 pF capacitor..
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The output voltage can be calculated as follows: U. . = 1. 3 (1 + R3 / R4) (V) adjustment potentiometer..
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If the output is low, application of a negative-going pulse to the trigger input sets the flip-flop (Q goes low), drives the output high, and turns off 1. Capacitor C is then charged through Ra until the voltage across the capacitor reaches the threshold....
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This instructable is intended to show you how to make several different filter circuits, in particular, low pass and high pass filters, along with a....
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Ultrasonic drilling machine is the dairy industry essential jewelry processing machinery, mainly for natural stones, crystal agate, jade and glass..
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A small biped walker made of 2mm plywood. Powered by two RC servos. it is a popular microcontroller, easily available and programmable now as flash microcontroller 16F84. This simple circuit can be used to program the PIC16F84 and similar "flash memory" type....
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This CMOS circuit can be used as a 1-shot time delay switch and general-purpose timer. The circuit consists of a gated oscillator and a latch made from one CD4001 quad 2-input NOR gate as shown and a CD4020 14-stage counter. TON is a function of the....