Top Circuits Page 54
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AD7s23 is an 8-bit multiplication DA converter, the output voltage of the analog input and the digital input of the product. Inside! Unit consists of eight analog switches (cha..
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Frequency accuracy has been a topic of special interest to many amateurs and experimenters since the early days of radio. Until recently, the best frequency standard available to most hams was a crystal oscillator carefully adjusted to zero-beat with a....
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This GPS receiver is powered by 2 AA batteries. They are only strong enough for the GPS to stay on for about two hours, and this seems like quite a waste. I would like to be able to use a larger battery, and sometimes even an AC adapter...
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The µPC8211TK, µPC8215TU, and µPC8226TK are silicon germanium (SiGe) microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMIC) designed as low noise, high-gain amplifiers for GPS and mobile communications. These ICs are manufactured using our 50 GHz fmax UHS2 (Ultra....
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This is a project that I started back late 2003 when I just starting to learn PIC programming. I wanted to building something that actually did somthing useful. This project is based on a PIC16F84. I actually came up with this idea and then after doing some....
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The GPS interface can be fed in 2 ways: with a stabilized 5V supply or with a 10 to 25V unregulated DC supply. In both cases the power is fed into the RJ45 connector on point 8. Pin 7 is DC ground. The power supply current is first secured with a slow....
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Some Garmin GPS receivers are capable of running off external power ranging up to +32VDC or more, whereas others can only accept a maximum of +8VDC...
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A strap-down inertial-navigation system uses silicon sensors to measure displacement without entailing the bulk and expense of moving parts or GPS receivers. For example, a three-axis accelerometer and three angular-rate sensors can determine the position....
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This highly integrated GPS receiver IC improves upon earlier-generation devices by including more components in a smaller package with a reduction in power consumption...
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This is a compass circuit based at AT90S2313. The output drives 8 LEDs to indicate the different horizon directions...
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The digital navigation PC board may be configured for a number of navigation functions, see figure 1. It may be made into a simple visual digital compass, or a microcontroller based compass. The microcontroller based compass can be used for mobile robotics....
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This simple counter can be used to count pulses, as the basis for a customer counter (like you see at the doors of some stores), or for anything else that may be counted. The circuit accepts any TTL compatible logic signal, and can be expanded easily (see....
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A motor spins the "propeller", and a small microprocessor keeps track of time and changes the pattern on seven LEDs with exact timing to simulate a 7 by 30 array of LEDs. It is an illusion, but it works nicely...
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About every year I design and build a new clock. This years project is a clock based on an Intel 8008 first generation 8 bit microprocessor. Because it is a fairly unique project Im putting more effort into the documentation. Im also totally opening the....
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In theory, synchronous clock multiplication is an easy task. A simple PLL with two digital dividersone inserted just after the VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) and the second one placed directly at the input of the phase detectormay do the job. The....
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A clock-recovery architecture can operate with NRZ digital signals, even at low SNRs. A clock-recovery subsystem is based on a PLL comprising a phase comparator, a loop filter, and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)...
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What is the effect of crosstalk from the digital data signals into the clock signal of a data-conversion system? This is a more obscure problem than crosstalk from digital bits into the analog signal path, which was the subject discussed in the previous....
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Today`s digital delay lines can process pulses no shorter than their delay times, and that restriction confines the devices to applications in which the duty cycle remains near 50%. A limited range of available delays (2 to 100 nsec per tap) further limits....
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The circuit in Figure 1 produces clock pulses with variable duty cycle from a gated clock. The output of the circuit, pulse, is always 180° out of phase with the clock input. When the delay-logic elements, IC5 and IC7, have the same propagation delays, the....
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Because of the nixie-tube is a gas tube, it requires relatively high-voltage supply. Judging from archives, from 180 to 300 volts are used for supply voltage. In this project, 270 volts from rectified 100V line voltage directly is used. It is very simple but....
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This Design Idea outlines an easy-to-implement time-delay routine that requires no subroutine calls and thus avoids possible stack-overflow problems (Listing 1). This method also saves RAM space by requiring in most cases only two variables: the PACER_CLOCK....
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This is a voltage controller oscillator that was designed as a wide range oscillator to generate clock pulses for a stepper motor drive system. It does however have some interesting features. The original application used a stepper motor for its ability to....
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The three best known of these signals are the DCF77 signal broadcast from Mainflingen near Frankfurt in Germany on 77.5kHz which can be received through out most of central and northern europe. The MSF signal broadcast from outside Rugby in England by the....
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Many systems use watch-crystal-based, 32.768-kHz oscillators. In battery-powered designs, the 32-kHz oscillator may consume a fairly high percentage of the total power budget. Reduced power consumption equates to longer battery life, smaller batteries, and....
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The original design used a VCXO (voltage-controlled crystal oscillator) for this function, but this revised design implements an all-digital method that provided additional functions, using a midlevel CPLD from Altera (www.altera.com)...
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This Design Idea shows how you can use Linear Technology`s LTC6903 programmable oscillator as a clock source for direct-digital synthesis, data conversion, switched-capacitor filtering, clock, and voltage-controlled oscillator circuits...
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Although the concept of a totally accessible system represents an ideal situation for users, designers now must limit access toand conceal code sequences forsoftware routines for calibration, diagnostics, memory erasure, system reset, and more. In a system....
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This Design Idea describes an inexpensive circuit to generate two extremely high-quality, crystal-clock-reference-signals, one of which is a PWM-controlled VCXO (voltage-controlled crystal oscillator) clock signal (Figure 1)...
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As a followup to my VCR Pong project, here is a gadget that is actually useful in the Real World! It superimposes the time of day, in "HH MM SS" format, in the bottom right-hand corner of an existing video signal. My friend Scott uses it with his home....
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1Hz clock signal generator circuit It shows a sophisticated l llz clock signal generating circuit. Can be used for digital clock and timing circuits: The circuit consists of 14..
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Usually we see Digital clock on LCD or 7 segmen. But, this AVR Digital Clock which is designed by Ficara Emilio displayed on Oscilloscope. The project use ATtiny 2313 as the main controller. What an interesting microcontroller project. Source code and....
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This circuit provides a digital square wave that can be viewed directly or used to drive other circuits. It used the CMOS 4047 Low-Power Monostable/Astable Multivibrator. As used in Tom Duncan's Adventures with Digital Electronic's Book, to drive CMOS Decade....
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The SX 28 internal oscillator Is not that fast so an external oscillator can be hooked up to the processor as shown in the diagram to increase the operation cycles per second...
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The National Physics Laboratory broadcasts a time signal, previously known as the Rugby clock but now called "Time from NPL." Its most commonly known as the MSF signal due to it originally being identified in Morse code those letters. It is broadcast from....
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(Almost) Trivial application of an AT90S2313 or ATtiny2313 in an alarm clock to change the alarm from "BEEP BEEP BEEP BEEP BEEP BEEP BEEP BEEP..." to "WAKE UP" in Morse code. This was designed in response to a request and is in daily use. An inexpensive....
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Have an old hard drive that no longer works? As long as it still spins up chances are you could build a clock out of your old hard drive! You will need some electronic knowledge, some common electronic components and a bit of patience. The clock that is....
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The clock will have 6 digits and time setting will be done by means of a few buttons. I will try to use the most common types from widely used microcontroller families of miscellaneous producers. I will write the program in C language. Nixies need high....
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Using only 2 capacitors, 3 resistors, 4 seven-segment Display, 1 xtal, 2 switches n.o. and 1 Microcontroller PIC, you can build this Digital Led Clock. you can use common anode or common cathode display, just select the display type. Here is the pinout....
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The reason why I'm using a LCD display is because it allow me to display many characters and it doesn't need to be "refreshed" as 7-segment Led displays. Also, the interface requieres less I/O pins.
For this project I used a 16x1 LCD Display with 4-bits....
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The digital clock of circuit, has as base one IC, the MM5314N, in which are contained all the circuits that need. The IC1 collaborates with six Display of common anode, that are not critically as materials. You can select what dimension, you want it is....
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Excellent clock generator to drive 4017 type cmos circuits. R1 = 10K to 10M, C1 = 100pF to 47uF. Fo is ±1Kz when R1=100K and C1=10nF. Input voltage can be from 5 to 15V...
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The basic clock circuit (top schematic below) is similar to the binary clock (on another page) and uses 7 ICs to produce the 20 digital bits for 12 hour time, plus AM and PM. A standard watch crystal oscillator (32,768) is used as the time base and is....
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Last year, I found a 31 day pendulum wall clock (dissambled) in a box of parts at a swap meet and decided to try and put it together and regulate it with a quartz crystal oscillator. The escapement part that rocks back and forth and drives the pendulum was....
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This clock timer uses a PIC16F628 microcontroller to display 3 and 1/2 digit time and control an external load. The clock includes a calendar with leap year and optional daylight savings adjustments. The timer output can be set from 1 to 59 minutes and....
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General Dynamic LED digital clock have no timekeeping function, just add here a simple circuit it can bring the whole point timekeeping function...
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The circuit generates a clock synchronized with the pulse width of two clock pulses, a random pulse width from the input pulse width of the clock pulse five times...
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32kHz clock oscillator transistor Tun digital path, the clock circuit is indispensable, as shown in FIG. 32 kHz crystal clock oscillator is ..
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As shown using a cheap CD4060 and 32768Hz crystal to produce highly accurate output 60 pulses per second clock source. The principle is 32768Hz pulse after CD4060 divider output..
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Analog electronic clock the whole point of the trigger signal to obtain ..
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As illustrated, 555 and R1, R2, C1 composition controlled multivibrator, its oscillation frequency in addition to the RC time constant related to, but also by the control termi..
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As shown in the clock signal generating circuit as RC, which applies to most of the TTL system. This circuit requires only a 6-inverter set of circuit SN7401 three inverters. T..
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BGl, BG2 composition directly coupled amplifier, BG, BG4 is composed of monostable trigger circuit, without receiving prior to the trigger signal, BG3 saturated conduction, BG4..
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Clock oscillator is typically used digital signal processing circuit and a microprocessor circuit (digital signal processing circuit is a microprocessor). Digital signal transm..
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Many systems that require a user to manually enter data feature a keyboard similar to that in Figure 1. Although early keypads comprised arrays of individually wired switches, a typical modern keypad comprises a matrix of x and y lines. Pressing a key....
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This circuit can be used for multiple cameras with one monitor. The circuit can be operated manually or automatically...
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CMOS Digital Camera Controller and Frame Capture Device...
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A digital camera can be a handy substitute for an oscilloscope camera for older scopes that cannot output hard copy or digital data. A digital camera provides instant results and allows you to easily enhance the image and then add it to reports or Web pages...
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The first step is to remove the film. Be sure the film is fully wound in. Then use a flat blade screwdriver to pry up the tab at the seam in the middle of the right side of the camera. The right side of the rear panel of the camera should then pop up. You....
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The improved system is called RC-CAM2. It works better AND it costs less than my earlier attempt to get a wireless video system on my flying model. The only caveat is that there is some assembly (or disassembly as you will soon find out) required...
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The aim of this project was to get a digital camera into a small electric radio controlled (RC) aeroplane and still have it fly. The aeroplane shown, a park flyer, weighs between 400 and 550 grams depending on the size of battery and wing configeration that....
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If you are not using the Aiptek camera then it will be up to YOU to determine how to hack your particular digital camera. The camera that was used in the project is the tiny Aiptek Mini PenCam 1.3. However, other cameras are possible candidates too since the....
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200mA peak current letter phone photo camera flash circuit, using a AAT3110-4.5 electrical capacitive charge pump chip, the phone lithium battery voltage boost and regulated to..
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The camera rotator circuit uses a 2716 EPROM to store a table of logic values that control the motor driver (H-bridge) circuit. The EPROM data is shown in the schematic. By using the EPROM, a large number of discrete gates are eliminated. The logic table is....
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This machine essentially does three things: It controls the process temperature, provides constant agitation of the chemical baths, and performs the timing. The operator must pour in and out the liquids by hand. The heart of the circuit is a Basic Stamp 2p....
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If you wish to take a picture of a fleeting event which generates a sound, you can do it with this sound activated trigger. It does not require any power supply: it feeds on the high voltage available on the flash trigger terminal. Any economic ceramic....
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My first project after assembling an electronic design lab was to build a flash trigger that I could use for high-speed photography. I thought it would be useful to share not only the finished product but also the reasoning that went into its design — in the....
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Digital Camera 5 channel power supply MAX1565 5 shows a digital camera power supply channel MAX1565, seen from the figure, the chip offers a number of road width signal generat..
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Brush 6 channel camera power supply circuit (MAX1566-1567) 6 shows a digital camera channel power supply circuit (MAX1566/1567), known by the ring, PWM generation circuit provi..
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Camera power supply circuit Shows the camera power supply circuit, the normal power supply in order to make the camera work properly, the power supply circuit is composed of a ..
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1.53 voltage controlled gain amplifier FET connected between the two inputs to the op amp as voltage-controlled resistance, resistance changes linearly with voltage, varies fro..
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35W resistive and capacitive half-wave phase-shift trigger doer control circuit Automatic or semi-automatic welding equipment in order to control the wire feeding, welding car ..
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331 circuit shown in FIG. It uses two-way thyristor controlled motor start and stop. It has no contact, no noise sound, no spark, etc., suitable for frequent operation of the o..
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The circuit is analogous to a voltage or a current source but delivers fixed power levels that are independent of the load resistance. A feedback loop senses load power and automatically adjusts the output voltage to maintain the desired power level. The....
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The control circuit in Figure 1 senses a given load and automatically soft-starts the load by synchronously adjusting the power to that load. You can also manually adjust the power delivered to the load by controlling the phase angle of the line voltage....
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Controllable gain amplifier is an automatic gain control circuit of the execution unit, the main method of controlling the gain of the amplifier in two ways: One way is through..
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DW15-200-630A breaker solenoid DC solenoid structure, short-time working. (1) DK-1 control box using AC power switch on the electromagnet circuit circuit is shown in Figure 6-7..
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220V mains drop by n guanidine D. Yi stream. C. After the spike Bode + 9V voltage supply control circuit. Port G, TG1 to Shang tube vibration: R. w, and hurricane.. w Partial e..
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Controlled pulse signal generating circuit FIG controllable pulse signal generating circuit, when the input terminal O start (start) pulse signal (input high), electric road be..
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220V AC power via a resistor Rl buck, VDI rectifier, VD2 and Cl filtered output voltage of about 3V DC voltage supply manifold KD-1001 electricity. Manifold trigger terminal co..
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Thyristor zero trigger circuit output waveform is a sine wave, it will not produce as phase-shift trigger circuit as electromagnetic interference...
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Power outages after the call prohibit re-closure circuit, can avoid the use of electrical appliances after the power grid..
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Power-saving electronic mousetrap This example describes the usual minimal power consumption, only when the mouse enters the control zone when..
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DC motor-generator speed closed loop control utilizing UC3637 internal error differential amplifier EA, after tachometer generator speed voltage signal is filtered with the spe..
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This is adjustable elctronic fuse that can be used to protect power supplies from short circuits or can be also used to limit the current usage. It can be adjusted for currents from 100mA up to 4.3A...
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This circuit adds a power down function to analog I/O ports (for example, the AD7769 and AD7774). Moreover, the diodes ordinarily needed to protect the devices against power-supply missequencing can be
eliminated Bringing the power down control high....
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It is important to know that transistors Q1,Q2,Q3 must not work like an astable (tri-phase) multivibrator (you could verify it on scope (no square waves but NON LINEAR wave between XB, YB, ZB must be displayed on the scope)...
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Denote cam controller SA 1 contact closure case. M1 is 1. 35kW driving motor, Mz to 4kW pump motor. ..
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This circuit controls resistive and inductive loads up to 2,500W. Its main functional device is an integrated phase control circuit - Siemens TLE3103. It contains its own power supply, a zero voltage crossing detector circuit and a logic driver. An....
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With this circuit you will be able to monitor the quality of the mains. There are 4 distinct sections, each supervising a parameter pertinent to the quality of the supply line. The noise section consists of a 50Hz filter and a speaker where you will hear the....
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Involvement is a modified version of the classic circuit of automatic level control signal used in tape recorders. The purchase price of the components (using TL072) does not exceed CZK 60 for a channel. For a range of entry level audio signal may be....
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Factories and enterprises lOkV and below the circuit breaker commonly used CD10 (formerly CD2) type electromagnetic actuator. This type of mechanism itself has a mechanical ant..
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FIG load test is a control circuit. This external load circuit up to 10A, widely used in the drive test power, the power amplifier, LED solenoids and relays, and the carrying c..
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FIG SD501E is J tie fan IC, which has the following characteristics a 7 5 ±progressive Timing: round strong, medium. Weak block touch speed; normal, natural wind and sleep wind..
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FGDF-3 three-phase low-temperature iron plating power commutation control switch and electronic circuit KGDF-3 low-temperature iron plating power supply device having a single-..
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Extended delta decompression starter, that is, when the motor starts its three -phase winding set to take part, eatY coupling, connected to another part of links, the entire ex..
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100W full-wave single-junction transistor trigger doer control circuit It is suitable for constant or variable speed wire feed control wire feed motor. The input control signal..
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Electric driving is an important equipment for the modernization of the plant material transport, the traditional control methods, mostly semi-manually operated automatic contr..
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Dynamic noise reduction circuit and a DC volume, tone balance control circuit, which is applied to the input stage and the discharge line between the amplifier. See DC volume c..
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Shown for reducing power consumption ISO103 circuit. For multi-channel synchronous applications Vcc1 current of less than 15mA,..
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Each motor with independent drive, but only one frequency for a given device, which uses the same RP potentiometer to achieve a multiple motors in parallel. ..