Top Circuits Page 77
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This circuit serves as an ultra-low power replacement for multiple LED on-off indicators. It also has the advantage of being easy to read in full daylight. With the parts shown, it is possible to display four bits of information.
The display that I used....
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An extremely simple and low cost Sine/Square wave generator based on the Analog Devices AD9835 Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) Generator chip. The frequency can be set for any frequency from 1Hz to 10MHz in 1Hz resolution steps! All this with three push....
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A serial interface and bias supply for the Seiko-Epson G1216N000 using an AT90S2313 because there just aren't enough applications examples for this display on the web. The display is a pretty old transflective gray mode TN LCD design with ok, but not great....
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The circuit is pretty simple. The data lines on the LCD match up well with the data lines of the parallel port, and extra parallel port I/O lines can be used to simulate the RS, R/W, and E signals on the LCD. The LCD module is pretty low-lower (with the....
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LCD2USB is a open source/open hardware project. The goal of LCD2USB is to connect HD44780 based text LCD displays to various PCs via USB. LCD2USB was meant to be cheap and to be made of easily available parts. It is therefore based on the Atmel AVR Mega8 CPU....
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It is shown using the MCS-51 series single-chip interface circuit 8051. Chip SED13 35 dot matrix LCD display for the controller, which can control..
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Shows 8 digital tube display driver circuit, driven by the two ICM7211A, BCD / = binary data signal is sent to the BO-B3 ICM7211A end, select the digital signal divided into two groups were sent sentenced Dl ~ D4 end...
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The speech synthesis circuit embedded microprocessor series, LCD drivers, clock oscillator, input and output ports, memory and multi-voice audio signal..
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Capacitive dimmer switch circuit shown in Figure 9. It is the use of capacitive reactance principle of alternating pairs made...
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220V AC via a resistor Rl buck, VDI rectifier, VD2 and c5 filtered output voltage of approximately 9V DC voltage supply manifold electricity. R3 for the manifold input AC synch..
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220V AC by R3 buck figure, VDI rectifier, VD2 and C3 filtered output voltage of about 3,9V DC supply set to block BA5173 electricity. Rl is manifold zero-crossing detector curr..
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The dimmer circuit in Figure 1 can change the intensity of the light from zero to maximum. The dimmer operates at approximately 12V, unlike the usual ones that function by adjusting the firing angle of the 110 or 220V mains supply.
The dimmer works to....
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Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic of a typical low-voltage halogen-lamp transformer without the protection circuits and EMI filter. Q1 and Q2 with C2 and C3 comprise a classic, half-bridge topology that works in self-oscillating mode. The circuit....
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The IR remote control for the system is also based on
a PIC10F200. It uses the wake-up on change function
of the I/O to wake it whenever a button is pressed. It
then generates one of two different modulated outputs,
depending on which button was pressed.....
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1C foot VIII made a number of training device, from the trigger terminal CI. f-off positive input pulse. End by supporting a n quotient output level. Lose. commercial electric ..
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Pretty nice design for a cheap consumer grade flashlight. The power switch was not exactly as shown since there was an option to have the lamp on solid...
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Switch-mode driven 1.5V bulbs. This device was designed on request, to control the light intensity of four filament lamps (i.e. a ring illuminator) powered by two AA or AAA batteries, for close-up pictures with a digital camera. Obviously it can be used in....
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This little circuit can be used to dim lights up to about 350 watts. It uses a simple, standard TRIAC circuit that, in my expirience, generates very little heat. Please note that this circuit cannot be used with fluorescent lights...
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This little circuit can be used to dim lights up to about 350 watts. It uses a simple, standard TRIAC circuit that, in my expirience, generates very little heat. Please note that this circuit cannot be used with fluorescent lights...
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Crystal is a one-way ordinary transistor triggered threatened tube dimmer light circuit, VT2, V hired composition complementary amplifier to form the thyristor VT1 trigger circ..
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The diac is a common component used to trigger triacs. The construction of a diac is similar to that with a transistor, but with both junctions doped to similar levels so that the two junctions' revers break down characteristics are similar. This is a fun....
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This simple Linear circuit provides continuously variable regulated current (~25-400mA) from a 4-6 Volt source. I chose a linear design for simplicity, reliability, ease of repair, and to avoid switching EMI in my Cave Radios. The circuit requires only....
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With this circuit we can change the brightness of lamb, with a only key of touch. The key of touch is connected in the circuit, center of which is a special completed IC1, which is the S566B of SIEMENS. This IC, it processes the information of duration of....
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This circuit is a real core of the dimmer system. This circuit generates ramp 100 Hz signal which is syncronized to the incoming mains voltage. The ramp signal which is generated will start form 10V and go linearly down to 0V in 10 milliseconds. At the next....
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The full wave phase control circuit below was found in a RCA power circuits book from 1969. The load is placed in series with the AC line and the four diodes provide a full wave rectified voltage to the anode of a SCR. Two small signal transistors are....
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Fade-in fade-out light switch can turn on and off when the lamp brightness changes slowly, and the brightness can be adjusted. (1) One of fade-dimming lamp switch circuit circu..
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FIG VDI, VD2, Rl and Cl form resistance voltage half-wave rectifier circuit, the output DC voltage 5v supply manifold with electricity. R2 for the manifold provides AC zero-cro..
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Easy to take along four dimmer switch circuit shown in Figure 8, which has a 4-speed brightness of combination: When the switch Sl, S2 and S3 compete portion is closed, the lam..
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Development and production of special touch dimmer integrated circuit, it has a dark, medium, light, take along a touch against the four side light function for zero trigger, h..
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The figure is a simple dimming lights line, the light is adjusted by the multi-speed control switch K. When K to position "1" lights out; when K to position "2", the light..
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AC 30V through I). - After the dish rectified by its positive terminal connected to the fuse IA IOOW bulb, the negative terminal is directly connected to the thyristor connecte..
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BA2101 dimming using ASIC to produce a barrel of light touch stepping, Its a non- constant lamp suitable heir light. ~ Times each touch electrode sheet M, E lamp brightness can..
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BA2181 dimming using ASIC production touch Stepping dimming lights, 4 eup with loud power consumption is low, anti-interference ability, small as stable by bite, make use of se..
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CS6061A integrated circuit fabrication is the use of touch-step dimming lights, it has two state of the female state switching function, and J as reliable, able to adapt to lon..
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Capacitors C2, C3, diode VD2, VD3 and other components simple capacitive half-wave rectifier buck power supply, the entire supply control circuit of electricity, the power supp..
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Circuit shown in Figure dimmer to 555 as the core component. 555 and R1, RP, R2, C1 composition astable multivibrator, the oscillation frequency f 1.44/(R1 + RP + R2) C1, aroun..
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The Car shows the distance a train travels on a 5 digit LCD display. The distance is indicated down to 1/100th of a mile (about the length of a 50 foot car) with an accuracy of approximately plus 2 percent using a standard 33 inch freight car wheel.....
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Here`s how you can make an electronic speed controler (ESC) for your remote control car, boat or even an airplane using an old servo and some MOSFETS. Please note that this ESC has a very limited control range. Meanining that it will act almost like but....
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It can safely charge a 7-cell RC2000 pack in about 14 minutes, and an RC2400 or CP2400SCR pack in about 17 minutes. As a NiCd cell is being charged, two things happen which affect its temperature. Due to resistive losses within the cell, some of the charging....
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The charger described in this article can charge packs of 4 to 7 cells with capacities ranging from 600mAh to 2Ah. The charger automatically begins charging when a pack is connected. It charges at a (nearly) constant current (adjustable), and terminates the....
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This is a single channel (on / off) universal switch that may be used with any Infra Red remote control using 36-38kHz. (This is a very common remote handset frequency). Any "button" of any remote control may be used to work this universal switch. The button....
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I leave it to the reader to supply their own power supply. I am using a supply from an old external SCSI drive. My cutter runs from the five volt supply and 25cm of nichrome wire pulls about 900mA or 4.5 watts. That is actually running a little hot and I....
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Hot wire foam cutters are used by hobbyists of all stripes to contour Styrofoam into a vast array of shapes for a wide variety of uses. Model railroad builders shape foam into landscapes. RC plane builders shape foam into aircraft wings and fuselages.....
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M½´rklin`s signal braking module, number 72441, solves this problem by introducing a short transition track between ordinary and braking section, and additionally offers a emergency stop section with cut off power in case a loco does not brake in appropriate....
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It was designed for use on a "The London Model Railroad Group`s" large O scale layout located at London, Ontario, Canada. The prime requirements for the club throttles were that they be rugged, reliable and produce as little heat as possible. Throttles of....
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The overall design went through a number of design changes as I tried one
option after another and in the end, the simplest one won out. I had tried to utilize
all electronic (no relay) circuitry but creating the high power circuits was too much
of a....
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Double-tone Police sound
Single-tone old ambulance sound This circuit is intended for children fun, and can be installed on bicycles, battery powered cars and motorcycles, but also on models and various games and toys. With SW1 positioned as shown in the....
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A relay-based on/off controller on the other hand can be very efficient. A typical relay has a contact resistance of 3 milliOhm. At 20A, this translates to a voltage drop of 0.06 volts, with a power loss of 1.2W. The relay itself typically consumes around....
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The drawings and photos below are for an operating incline railway that was built by the London Model Railroad Group for its `O` scale model railway club located at London, Ontario, Canada. This is a single car model loosely based on a double car incline....
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I have received countless emails asking for a circuit to tell the user which car won in a pine car (also called Pinewood Derby, Cub Car, Scout Car, etc.) race. This simple circuit takes care of the guesswork, lighting the appropriate LED to indicate the....
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Eight LED`s are used to indicate the pad currently selected. These LED`s are connected to a decade counter, which sequences the LED`s when it receives a clock pulse.Only one LED can be lit at a time from the decade counter, so although this circuit contains....
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This launch controller can be used with low voltage battery igniters, which fire rocket engines in model rockets such as the Estes range. These circuits are electrical, only switches and contacts are involved. First the circuit for a single rocket...
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This photocell is best mounted at tie level between the rails. The variable resistor adjusts the sensitivity of the circuit. This circuit can be powered by either 6 or 12 volts - BE SURE to use the proper relay;..
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This electronic speed control (ESC) for brushed motors combines the features of two of my earlier designs. One was a high-rate 30A ESC with a brake, and the other a high-rate 12A ESC with a BEC (receiver battery eliminator circuit)...
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This design is based on one published by Milan Lulic in the German magazine elektroModell. Mr. Lulic`s design is for surface mount technology (SMT) construction, whereas mine uses standard off-the-shelf components, and is therefore better suited to....
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If you are interested in model aeroplanes and have the capital, a radio controlled electric park flyer is a must have. An RC aeroplane under 400 grams floats around like the rubber models of my youth and contact with the ground doesn`t seems to involve that....
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The main power supply to the system must be a regulated 12 volts DC with a minimum input from the train control AC or DC power supply of 13.5 VAC connected to pos 3 and 4 of the rectifier bridge . The ground bus of the regulated 12 volts supply must be....
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No description available...
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Getting the power from your 110 volt receptacle to a suitable foam cutting format presents several problems. A standard light dimmer can be successfully used to vary the heat, but it can`t heat the wire in a direct circuit. With a light dimmer powered by....
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This simple circuit drives 6 LEDs in `Knightrider scanner mode`. Power consumption depends mainly on the type of LEDs used if you use a 7555 (555 CMOS version)...
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This was designed to flash a pair of LEDs to be mounted on the wing tips of a Parkzone Citabria R/C (remote control) airplane. The unmodified Parkzone Citabria only weights 20 grams (about 0.7 oz), so weight, and therefore the number and size of the....
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25kHz using thyristor inverter welding machine circuit Using high frequency 25kHz, thyristor inverter arc welding machine, which can be smaller transformer, the circuit shown i..
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DTL internal structure shown in the inverter circuit (M5936P) is. Inputs with diodes, transistors signal processing, power supply is + 5V. When the input terminal A high level ..
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Core elements of this circuit is the second four-input NOR gate terminal IC CD4001, the entire circuit is simple structure, less components, easy to make, especially for remote..
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Current-voltage conversion circuit is often used in the current detection circuit, shown 6-19 ring inverter air conditioner current detection circuit, the circuit is mainly use..
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FET can be used as a linear amplifier, a logic gate circuit may also be made, ..
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Explanation Here is a simple 100-watt using IC CD4047 and IRF540 MOSFET of the inverter circuit diagram. The circuit is simple, low cost, or even assemble a veroboard. CD 4047 ..
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Efficient inverter control circuit It shows a highly efficient inverter control circuit, which is used as the LCD backlight power supply circuit, which is mainly controlled by ..
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A common car inverter circuit and working principle Car Inverter indicators: Input voltage: DC 10V ~ 14.5V; Output Voltage: AC 200V ~ 220V 10%; Output frequency: 50Hz 5%; Outpu..
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A frequency modulator configured NE566 integrated voltage-controlled oscillator shown in FIG. When the signal input terminal potential DC position, forming a cycle of constant ..
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Adjust potentiometer RPi and RPz, two motor speed can be changed. ..
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Analog switch (double loop, double-break) and differential modulation amplifier complete the work. The carrier control switch, switch contacts in the time, from the inverting i..
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As shown by a circuit TTL hex inverter can constitute a DC/DC converter, the 5V into 12V. This circuit provides all the functionality required for DC/DC conversion. The circuit..
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As shown for the sensitive frequency demodulation circuit. The circuit uses IC LM565 phase-locked configuration, can track the frequency offset over a wide frequency range. How..
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As shown in Figure 567 FM demodulation circuit. The figure, the FM signal from the input pin 3, the demodulated signal output from 5 feet. FM demodulation circuit can signal ce..
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As shown, (a) for the three-phase step wave inverter output transformer winding connections; (b) in FIG its output waveform. ..
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As shown, by connecting the two FETs, and form a CMOS digital inverter. ..
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Car Inverter indicators: Input voltage: DC 10V ~ 14.5V; Output Voltage: AC 200V ~ 220V 10%; Output frequency: 50Hz 5%; Output power: 70W ~ 150W; conversion efficiency: more tha..
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Circuit serial coded modulated control signal, amplify, and transmit high voltage isolation. 556 time base circuit and R1, R2, C1 and R3, R4, C2 form two astable multivibrator,..
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36dB/ocf Butterworth filter consists of three sub-ruined structure, each stage box with two filter sections c work zdB/ocf), in order to point a 3dB frequency characteristics n..
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By analyzing the filter capacitance or inductance is filtered DC output is still more or less volatility. In situations requiring high level..
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24dB/oc seven times Butterworth (maximally flat characteristic) constituted by the two filters, each box has two books enough filter (12dB/oct), in order to make a 3dB point tw..
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The acoustic filters are met in various points in the sound systems. The knownest application they are the filters baxandal for regulating tone low and high frequencies and filters crossover where the acoustic region is separated in subareas, in order to it....
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Described in this article is a band-pass filter is a circuit diagram of transistors, as shown below. ..
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The electronics consist of three op-amp circuits; each built around one half of an NE5532 dual op-amp. Each circuit uses that op-amp in a different configuration. The first circuit is a non-inverting pre-amp, the second is a unity-gain phase-inverter, and....
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The human speech apprehend a small area of frequencies, that is extended from 300HZ until 3KHZ. This spectrum is also internationally recognized for the transmission of speech via telecommunications networks. This is also the mainer use of this circuit, one....
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A simple circuit, High-Pass filter, variable between frequencies 20HZ until 200HZ, useful in a lot of cases elaboration of sound signals. The regulation is achieved with the double potesometer 47K? and the frequency response in his two extreme places,....
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The application that to you we propose is a simple filter of region that limits the acoustic region (20-20000Hz) in the region 20-100Hz. With the manufacture that to you we propose you can make a active filter in order to you lead a loudspeaker of very low....
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Two low voltage, low power zeners are used to control electronically the level of an audio signal. The attenuation range is from 6 to 58dB for an input current from 0.042 to 77 mA corresponding to a control voltage from 2.7 to 7.5V. If control voltage is....
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Two low voltage, low power zeners are used to control electronically the level of an audio signal. The attenuation range is from 6 to 58dB for an input current from 0.042 to 77mA corresponding to a control voltage from 2.7 to 7.5V. If control voltage is....
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If you want to build one yourself, you have to get two audio transformers which have 1:1 transformation ratio and greater than 1 kohm impedance. There are high quality audio transformers in the markes that meet those specs, but those can be quite expensive.....
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The circuit shown is completely conventional. The Q of the filters has been optimised to allow a higher input impedance than would otherwise be possible, with the final Q of the two filters being almost exactly 0.707 (i.e. a traditional Butterworth filter).....
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In the form it appears the theoretical circuit of filter. In first glance we see three different circuits that are mainly manufactured round two operational amplifiers. This circuits constitute mixed, amplifier with variable aid and a variable filter. The....
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The resistance of loudspeakers is characterized in a frequency depending on the destination and their press. Loudspeakers are distinguished, as for the destination, in loudspeakers of low frequencies, woofer intermediate, mid-range and high tweeter. Their....
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The figures below illustrate using opamps as active 2nd order filters. Three 2nd order filters are shown, low pass, high pass, and bandpass. Each of these filters will attenuate frequencies outside their passband at a rate of 12dB per octave or 1/4 the....
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One application of this handy circuit is a graphic equalizer, created by feeding a signal to a number of parallel band-pass filters each tuned to a different frequency; typically octaves apart. Then, you can adjust the strength in each band via a front panel....
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The amplifier drives the base of a common emitter PNP MPS6517 operating with a voltage gain of about 20. RL control varies the quiescent point of the transistor Q, so that varying amounts of signal exceed the level of V r, diode D 1 rectifies the positive....
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The circuit input is taken from the terminal loudspeaker or amplifier output jacks. If the right channel is large enough to charge C1 to a potential which exceeds the breakdown voltage of the emitter of Ql, a voltage pulse appears in R7. Similarly, if the....
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This circuit is selective for the tuning adjustment between two closely spaced tones audio. The frequency is dependent on the selective value capacitors and resistors in the feedback circuit between the collector and base of Q1. With the values shown, the....
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Due to the amplifier frequency characteristics and impact of parasitic capacitance, to make hundreds of kilohertz to the active filter is very difficult.. On the other hand, si..
This circuit serves as an ultra-low power replacement for multiple LED on-off indicators. It also has the advantage of being easy to read in full daylight. With the parts shown, it is possible to display four bits of information. The display that I used....
An extremely simple and low cost Sine/Square wave generator based on the Analog Devices AD9835 Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) Generator chip. The frequency can be set for any frequency from 1Hz to 10MHz in 1Hz resolution steps! All this with three push....
A serial interface and bias supply for the Seiko-Epson G1216N000 using an AT90S2313 because there just aren't enough applications examples for this display on the web. The display is a pretty old transflective gray mode TN LCD design with ok, but not great....
The circuit is pretty simple. The data lines on the LCD match up well with the data lines of the parallel port, and extra parallel port I/O lines can be used to simulate the RS, R/W, and E signals on the LCD. The LCD module is pretty low-lower (with the....
LCD2USB is a open source/open hardware project. The goal of LCD2USB is to connect HD44780 based text LCD displays to various PCs via USB. LCD2USB was meant to be cheap and to be made of easily available parts. It is therefore based on the Atmel AVR Mega8 CPU....
It is shown using the MCS-51 series single-chip interface circuit 8051. Chip SED13 35 dot matrix LCD display for the controller, which can control..
Shows 8 digital tube display driver circuit, driven by the two ICM7211A, BCD / = binary data signal is sent to the BO-B3 ICM7211A end, select the digital signal divided into two groups were sent sentenced Dl ~ D4 end...
The speech synthesis circuit embedded microprocessor series, LCD drivers, clock oscillator, input and output ports, memory and multi-voice audio signal..
Capacitive dimmer switch circuit shown in Figure 9. It is the use of capacitive reactance principle of alternating pairs made...
220V AC via a resistor Rl buck, VDI rectifier, VD2 and c5 filtered output voltage of approximately 9V DC voltage supply manifold electricity. R3 for the manifold input AC synch..
220V AC by R3 buck figure, VDI rectifier, VD2 and C3 filtered output voltage of about 3,9V DC supply set to block BA5173 electricity. Rl is manifold zero-crossing detector curr..
The dimmer circuit in Figure 1 can change the intensity of the light from zero to maximum. The dimmer operates at approximately 12V, unlike the usual ones that function by adjusting the firing angle of the 110 or 220V mains supply. The dimmer works to....
1C foot VIII made a number of training device, from the trigger terminal CI. f-off positive input pulse. End by supporting a n quotient output level. Lose. commercial electric ..
Pretty nice design for a cheap consumer grade flashlight. The power switch was not exactly as shown since there was an option to have the lamp on solid...
Switch-mode driven 1.5V bulbs. This device was designed on request, to control the light intensity of four filament lamps (i.e. a ring illuminator) powered by two AA or AAA batteries, for close-up pictures with a digital camera. Obviously it can be used in....
This little circuit can be used to dim lights up to about 350 watts. It uses a simple, standard TRIAC circuit that, in my expirience, generates very little heat. Please note that this circuit cannot be used with fluorescent lights...
This little circuit can be used to dim lights up to about 350 watts. It uses a simple, standard TRIAC circuit that, in my expirience, generates very little heat. Please note that this circuit cannot be used with fluorescent lights...
Crystal is a one-way ordinary transistor triggered threatened tube dimmer light circuit, VT2, V hired composition complementary amplifier to form the thyristor VT1 trigger circ..
The diac is a common component used to trigger triacs. The construction of a diac is similar to that with a transistor, but with both junctions doped to similar levels so that the two junctions' revers break down characteristics are similar. This is a fun....
This simple Linear circuit provides continuously variable regulated current (~25-400mA) from a 4-6 Volt source. I chose a linear design for simplicity, reliability, ease of repair, and to avoid switching EMI in my Cave Radios. The circuit requires only....
With this circuit we can change the brightness of lamb, with a only key of touch. The key of touch is connected in the circuit, center of which is a special completed IC1, which is the S566B of SIEMENS. This IC, it processes the information of duration of....
This circuit is a real core of the dimmer system. This circuit generates ramp 100 Hz signal which is syncronized to the incoming mains voltage. The ramp signal which is generated will start form 10V and go linearly down to 0V in 10 milliseconds. At the next....
The full wave phase control circuit below was found in a RCA power circuits book from 1969. The load is placed in series with the AC line and the four diodes provide a full wave rectified voltage to the anode of a SCR. Two small signal transistors are....
Fade-in fade-out light switch can turn on and off when the lamp brightness changes slowly, and the brightness can be adjusted. (1) One of fade-dimming lamp switch circuit circu..
FIG VDI, VD2, Rl and Cl form resistance voltage half-wave rectifier circuit, the output DC voltage 5v supply manifold with electricity. R2 for the manifold provides AC zero-cro..
Easy to take along four dimmer switch circuit shown in Figure 8, which has a 4-speed brightness of combination: When the switch Sl, S2 and S3 compete portion is closed, the lam..
Development and production of special touch dimmer integrated circuit, it has a dark, medium, light, take along a touch against the four side light function for zero trigger, h..
The figure is a simple dimming lights line, the light is adjusted by the multi-speed control switch K. When K to position "1" lights out; when K to position "2", the light..
AC 30V through I). - After the dish rectified by its positive terminal connected to the fuse IA IOOW bulb, the negative terminal is directly connected to the thyristor connecte..
BA2101 dimming using ASIC to produce a barrel of light touch stepping, Its a non- constant lamp suitable heir light. ~ Times each touch electrode sheet M, E lamp brightness can..
BA2181 dimming using ASIC production touch Stepping dimming lights, 4 eup with loud power consumption is low, anti-interference ability, small as stable by bite, make use of se..
CS6061A integrated circuit fabrication is the use of touch-step dimming lights, it has two state of the female state switching function, and J as reliable, able to adapt to lon..
Capacitors C2, C3, diode VD2, VD3 and other components simple capacitive half-wave rectifier buck power supply, the entire supply control circuit of electricity, the power supp..
Circuit shown in Figure dimmer to 555 as the core component. 555 and R1, RP, R2, C1 composition astable multivibrator, the oscillation frequency f 1.44/(R1 + RP + R2) C1, aroun..
The Car shows the distance a train travels on a 5 digit LCD display. The distance is indicated down to 1/100th of a mile (about the length of a 50 foot car) with an accuracy of approximately plus 2 percent using a standard 33 inch freight car wheel.....
Here`s how you can make an electronic speed controler (ESC) for your remote control car, boat or even an airplane using an old servo and some MOSFETS. Please note that this ESC has a very limited control range. Meanining that it will act almost like but....
It can safely charge a 7-cell RC2000 pack in about 14 minutes, and an RC2400 or CP2400SCR pack in about 17 minutes. As a NiCd cell is being charged, two things happen which affect its temperature. Due to resistive losses within the cell, some of the charging....
The charger described in this article can charge packs of 4 to 7 cells with capacities ranging from 600mAh to 2Ah. The charger automatically begins charging when a pack is connected. It charges at a (nearly) constant current (adjustable), and terminates the....
This is a single channel (on / off) universal switch that may be used with any Infra Red remote control using 36-38kHz. (This is a very common remote handset frequency). Any "button" of any remote control may be used to work this universal switch. The button....
Hot wire foam cutters are used by hobbyists of all stripes to contour Styrofoam into a vast array of shapes for a wide variety of uses. Model railroad builders shape foam into landscapes. RC plane builders shape foam into aircraft wings and fuselages.....
It was designed for use on a "The London Model Railroad Group`s" large O scale layout located at London, Ontario, Canada. The prime requirements for the club throttles were that they be rugged, reliable and produce as little heat as possible. Throttles of....
Double-tone Police sound Single-tone old ambulance sound This circuit is intended for children fun, and can be installed on bicycles, battery powered cars and motorcycles, but also on models and various games and toys. With SW1 positioned as shown in the....
A relay-based on/off controller on the other hand can be very efficient. A typical relay has a contact resistance of 3 milliOhm. At 20A, this translates to a voltage drop of 0.06 volts, with a power loss of 1.2W. The relay itself typically consumes around....
The drawings and photos below are for an operating incline railway that was built by the London Model Railroad Group for its `O` scale model railway club located at London, Ontario, Canada. This is a single car model loosely based on a double car incline....
I have received countless emails asking for a circuit to tell the user which car won in a pine car (also called Pinewood Derby, Cub Car, Scout Car, etc.) race. This simple circuit takes care of the guesswork, lighting the appropriate LED to indicate the....
Eight LED`s are used to indicate the pad currently selected. These LED`s are connected to a decade counter, which sequences the LED`s when it receives a clock pulse.Only one LED can be lit at a time from the decade counter, so although this circuit contains....
This launch controller can be used with low voltage battery igniters, which fire rocket engines in model rockets such as the Estes range. These circuits are electrical, only switches and contacts are involved. First the circuit for a single rocket...
This photocell is best mounted at tie level between the rails. The variable resistor adjusts the sensitivity of the circuit. This circuit can be powered by either 6 or 12 volts - BE SURE to use the proper relay;..
This electronic speed control (ESC) for brushed motors combines the features of two of my earlier designs. One was a high-rate 30A ESC with a brake, and the other a high-rate 12A ESC with a BEC (receiver battery eliminator circuit)...
This design is based on one published by Milan Lulic in the German magazine elektroModell. Mr. Lulic`s design is for surface mount technology (SMT) construction, whereas mine uses standard off-the-shelf components, and is therefore better suited to....
If you are interested in model aeroplanes and have the capital, a radio controlled electric park flyer is a must have. An RC aeroplane under 400 grams floats around like the rubber models of my youth and contact with the ground doesn`t seems to involve that....
The main power supply to the system must be a regulated 12 volts DC with a minimum input from the train control AC or DC power supply of 13.5 VAC connected to pos 3 and 4 of the rectifier bridge . The ground bus of the regulated 12 volts supply must be....
This simple circuit drives 6 LEDs in `Knightrider scanner mode`. Power consumption depends mainly on the type of LEDs used if you use a 7555 (555 CMOS version)...
This was designed to flash a pair of LEDs to be mounted on the wing tips of a Parkzone Citabria R/C (remote control) airplane. The unmodified Parkzone Citabria only weights 20 grams (about 0.7 oz), so weight, and therefore the number and size of the....
25kHz using thyristor inverter welding machine circuit Using high frequency 25kHz, thyristor inverter arc welding machine, which can be smaller transformer, the circuit shown i..
DTL internal structure shown in the inverter circuit (M5936P) is. Inputs with diodes, transistors signal processing, power supply is + 5V. When the input terminal A high level ..
Core elements of this circuit is the second four-input NOR gate terminal IC CD4001, the entire circuit is simple structure, less components, easy to make, especially for remote..
Current-voltage conversion circuit is often used in the current detection circuit, shown 6-19 ring inverter air conditioner current detection circuit, the circuit is mainly use..
Explanation Here is a simple 100-watt using IC CD4047 and IRF540 MOSFET of the inverter circuit diagram. The circuit is simple, low cost, or even assemble a veroboard. CD 4047 ..
Efficient inverter control circuit It shows a highly efficient inverter control circuit, which is used as the LCD backlight power supply circuit, which is mainly controlled by ..
A common car inverter circuit and working principle Car Inverter indicators: Input voltage: DC 10V ~ 14.5V; Output Voltage: AC 200V ~ 220V 10%; Output frequency: 50Hz 5%; Outpu..
A frequency modulator configured NE566 integrated voltage-controlled oscillator shown in FIG. When the signal input terminal potential DC position, forming a cycle of constant ..
Adjust potentiometer RPi and RPz, two motor speed can be changed. ..
Analog switch (double loop, double-break) and differential modulation amplifier complete the work. The carrier control switch, switch contacts in the time, from the inverting i..
As shown by a circuit TTL hex inverter can constitute a DC/DC converter, the 5V into 12V. This circuit provides all the functionality required for DC/DC conversion. The circuit..
As shown for the sensitive frequency demodulation circuit. The circuit uses IC LM565 phase-locked configuration, can track the frequency offset over a wide frequency range. How..
As shown in Figure 567 FM demodulation circuit. The figure, the FM signal from the input pin 3, the demodulated signal output from 5 feet. FM demodulation circuit can signal ce..
As shown, (a) for the three-phase step wave inverter output transformer winding connections; (b) in FIG its output waveform. ..
Car Inverter indicators: Input voltage: DC 10V ~ 14.5V; Output Voltage: AC 200V ~ 220V 10%; Output frequency: 50Hz 5%; Output power: 70W ~ 150W; conversion efficiency: more tha..
Circuit serial coded modulated control signal, amplify, and transmit high voltage isolation. 556 time base circuit and R1, R2, C1 and R3, R4, C2 form two astable multivibrator,..
36dB/ocf Butterworth filter consists of three sub-ruined structure, each stage box with two filter sections c work zdB/ocf), in order to point a 3dB frequency characteristics n..
By analyzing the filter capacitance or inductance is filtered DC output is still more or less volatility. In situations requiring high level..
24dB/oc seven times Butterworth (maximally flat characteristic) constituted by the two filters, each box has two books enough filter (12dB/oct), in order to make a 3dB point tw..
The acoustic filters are met in various points in the sound systems. The knownest application they are the filters baxandal for regulating tone low and high frequencies and filters crossover where the acoustic region is separated in subareas, in order to it....
Described in this article is a band-pass filter is a circuit diagram of transistors, as shown below. ..
The electronics consist of three op-amp circuits; each built around one half of an NE5532 dual op-amp. Each circuit uses that op-amp in a different configuration. The first circuit is a non-inverting pre-amp, the second is a unity-gain phase-inverter, and....
The human speech apprehend a small area of frequencies, that is extended from 300HZ until 3KHZ. This spectrum is also internationally recognized for the transmission of speech via telecommunications networks. This is also the mainer use of this circuit, one....
A simple circuit, High-Pass filter, variable between frequencies 20HZ until 200HZ, useful in a lot of cases elaboration of sound signals. The regulation is achieved with the double potesometer 47K? and the frequency response in his two extreme places,....
The application that to you we propose is a simple filter of region that limits the acoustic region (20-20000Hz) in the region 20-100Hz. With the manufacture that to you we propose you can make a active filter in order to you lead a loudspeaker of very low....
Two low voltage, low power zeners are used to control electronically the level of an audio signal. The attenuation range is from 6 to 58dB for an input current from 0.042 to 77 mA corresponding to a control voltage from 2.7 to 7.5V. If control voltage is....
Two low voltage, low power zeners are used to control electronically the level of an audio signal. The attenuation range is from 6 to 58dB for an input current from 0.042 to 77mA corresponding to a control voltage from 2.7 to 7.5V. If control voltage is....
If you want to build one yourself, you have to get two audio transformers which have 1:1 transformation ratio and greater than 1 kohm impedance. There are high quality audio transformers in the markes that meet those specs, but those can be quite expensive.....
The circuit shown is completely conventional. The Q of the filters has been optimised to allow a higher input impedance than would otherwise be possible, with the final Q of the two filters being almost exactly 0.707 (i.e. a traditional Butterworth filter).....
In the form it appears the theoretical circuit of filter. In first glance we see three different circuits that are mainly manufactured round two operational amplifiers. This circuits constitute mixed, amplifier with variable aid and a variable filter. The....
The resistance of loudspeakers is characterized in a frequency depending on the destination and their press. Loudspeakers are distinguished, as for the destination, in loudspeakers of low frequencies, woofer intermediate, mid-range and high tweeter. Their....
The figures below illustrate using opamps as active 2nd order filters. Three 2nd order filters are shown, low pass, high pass, and bandpass. Each of these filters will attenuate frequencies outside their passband at a rate of 12dB per octave or 1/4 the....
One application of this handy circuit is a graphic equalizer, created by feeding a signal to a number of parallel band-pass filters each tuned to a different frequency; typically octaves apart. Then, you can adjust the strength in each band via a front panel....
The amplifier drives the base of a common emitter PNP MPS6517 operating with a voltage gain of about 20. RL control varies the quiescent point of the transistor Q, so that varying amounts of signal exceed the level of V r, diode D 1 rectifies the positive....
The circuit input is taken from the terminal loudspeaker or amplifier output jacks. If the right channel is large enough to charge C1 to a potential which exceeds the breakdown voltage of the emitter of Ql, a voltage pulse appears in R7. Similarly, if the....
This circuit is selective for the tuning adjustment between two closely spaced tones audio. The frequency is dependent on the selective value capacitors and resistors in the feedback circuit between the collector and base of Q1. With the values shown, the....
Due to the amplifier frequency characteristics and impact of parasitic capacitance, to make hundreds of kilohertz to the active filter is very difficult.. On the other hand, si..
